Biodegradable packaging for liquids

Objective

To create a Technology landscape report on "Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids"

Comment: The idea is to find out the innovative market players in this technology area, those are the players that are the most technologically advanced in the market place. Intellectual Property that these players hold is taken as a measure of their technological prowess in this particular area. We have used Patents and Scientific articles to point out the innovative and technologically advanced market players.

Search methodology

Search strategy	1. Various class codes and keywords were retrieved for conducting the search related to Biodegradable Packaging from relevant patents, thesaurus and patent databases and scientific articles.
	2. The database used for patent search is Thomson innovation. (Refer section 6)
Keywords	biodegradable, bio-disintegratable, biopolymer, bioplastic,PLA, PHA, PHB, PHBV, etc.

Background

The environmental and sustainability issues, the increasing cost of solid waste disposal, dioxin emission from waste incineration have made synthetic polymers unattractive. This has led to the development and production of biodegradable polymers. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are the intracellular inclusion in some bacteria. The property of PHA range from stiff, brittle to rubber-like and is a suitable alternative for the synthetic plastic.

The general structure of polyhydroxyalkanoates

• n=1 R=hydrogen poly(-3-hydroxypropionate)
• methyl poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate)
• ethyl poly(3-horoxyvalerate)
• propyl poly(-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
• pentyl poly (-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
• nonyl poly (-3-hydroxydodecanoate)
• n=2 R=hydrogen poly (-4-hydroxybutyrate)
• n=3 R=hydrogen poly (-5-hydroxyvalerate) (https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/3487/1/jb04003.pdf.

Lactic acid polymerization to PLA

Polylactic acid (PLA) is another biopolymer with environmental benefit. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a rigid thermoplastic polymer and can be semicrystalline or amorphous. The backbone of PLA is L(_)-lactic acid (2-hydroxy propionic acid) which is a natural and most common form of the acid. D(_)-lactic acid can also be produced by microorganisms or through racemization. (http://www.jimluntllc.com/pdfs/polylactic_acid_technology.pdf)

Concept Table

English Keywords										French keywords	German Keywords
Concept 1	Concept 2	Concept 3	Concept 4	Concept 1	Concept 2	Concept 3	Concept 4	Concept 1	Concept 2	Concept 3	Concept 4
biodegradable	package	water vapor	barrier	biodégradables	forfait	la vapeur d’eau	barrière	biologisch abbaubar	Paket	Wasserdampf	Barrier
biodegradation	packaging	Water vapour	resistant	biodégradation	emballage	La vapeur d’eau	résistants	Biodegradation	Verpackung	Wasserdampf	resistent
****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****	****

Search strategy

Patents

Thomson innovation

• Time line: 1836 to September 21st, 2011
• Databases: US Grant, GB App, US App, FR App, WO App, DE Util, EP Grant, DE Grant, EP App, DE App, JP Util, JP Grant, JP App, CN Util, CN App, KR Util , KR Grant, KR App, DWPI

S.No	Concept	Scope	Search string	No.of hits
	English keyword search
1	Biodegradable KW	CTAB	(biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or ****	###
2	Biodegradable KW	Full text	(biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or ****	###
3	Packaging KW	CTAB	packag*3 or film*1 or ****	###
4	Biodegradable Packaging KW	CTAB	(biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or ****	###
5	Moisture resistance KW	Full text	((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or****	###
6	Moisture resistant packaging	CTAB	(((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or ****	###
7	Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW	KW combination query	4 AND 6	###
8	ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546C or ****	###
9	Biodegradable packaging US class	US class	220DIG30 or 383001	###
10	IPC or US class for biodegradable packaging	Combined query	8 or 9	###
11	Liquid packaging IPC’s	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D008572 or B65D008578 or ****	###
12	Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW	Combined query	1 and 11	###
13	Layered product IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B32B000502 or B32B000702 or ****	###
14	Stock material or misc. article US class	US class	428326 or 428058 or 428457 or ****	###
15	IPC or US class	Combined query	13 or 14	###
16	Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L010116	###
17	Compositions of macromolecular compounds	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L000300 or C08L000302 or ****	###
18	Compositions of macromolecular compounds	US class	527207 or 527311 or ****	###
19	Pulp compositions IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	D21H002736 or D21H002730 or ****	###
20	US class for degradation	US class	523124 or ****	###
21	Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B05D000300 or B05D000302 or****	###
22	Shaping and process related US class	US class	264129 or 264401 or ****	###
23	Any IPC or ECLA	Combined query	15 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22	###
24	IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	23 and 4 and 5	###
25	Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	16 and 3 and 5	###
26	Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	10 and 5	###
27	Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546	###
28	Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW	Combined query	2 and 5 and 26	###
29	Final combined query in English		12 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 28	###
German keyword search
1	Biodegradable KW	CTAB	((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or ****	###
2	Biodegradable KW	Full text	((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or ****	###
3	Packaging KW	CTAB	(Paket or Verpackung or Pakete or ****	###
4	Biodegradable Packaging KW	CTAB	((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or ****	###
5	Moisture resistance KW	Full text	(Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or ****	###
6	Moisture resistant packaging	CTAB	(Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or ****	###
7	ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546C	###
8	Liquid packaging IPC’s	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D008572 or B65D008578 or****	###
9	Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW	Combined query	1 and 8	###
10	Layered product IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B32B000502 or B32B000702 or ****	###
11	Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L010116	###
12	Compositions of macromolecular compounds	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L000300 or C08L000302 or ****	###
13	Pulp compositions IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	D21H002736 or D21H002730 or ****	###
14	Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B05D000300 or B05D000302 or ****	###
15	Any IPC or ECLA	Combined query	10 or 12 or 13 or 14	###
16	IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	15 and 4	###
17	Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	11 and 3 and 5	###
18	Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	8 and 5	###
19	Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546	###
20	Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW	Combined query	2 and 5 and 19	###
21	Final combined german query		9 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 20	###
French keyword search
1	Biodegradable KW	CTAB	(biodegradables or biodegradation or ****	###
2	Biodegradable KW	Full text	(biodégradables or biodégradation or****	###
3	Packaging KW	CTAB	forfait or emballage or paquets or ****	###
4	Biodegradable Packaging KW	CTAB	(biodegradables or biodegradation or ****	###
5	Moisture resistance KW	Full text	(((la vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or (La vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or ****	###
6	Moisture resistant packaging	CTAB	(((la vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or ****	###
7	Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW	KW combination query	4 AND 6	###
8	ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546C	###
9	Liquid packaging IPC’s	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D008572 or B65D008578 or****	###
10	Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW	Combined query	1 and 9	###
11	Layered product IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B32B000502 or B32B000702 or ****	###
12	Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L010116	###
13	Compositions of macromolecular compounds	Any IPC or ECLA	C08L000300 or C08L000302 or ****	###
14	Pulp compositions IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	D21H002736 or D21H002730 or ****	###
15	Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC	Any IPC or ECLA	B05D000300 or B05D000302 or ****	###
16	Any IPC or ECLA	Combined query	11 or 13 or 14 or 15	###
17	IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	16 and 4 and 5	###
18	Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	12 and 3 and 5	###
19	Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW	Combined query	8 and 5	###
20	Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials	Any IPC or ECLA	B65D006546	###
21	Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW	Combined query	2 and 5 and 20	###
22	Final combined french query		10 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21	###
Japanese F Term search
1	Biodegradable materials	JP F-terms	4J200BA* or ****	###
2	Packaging KW	CTAB	packag*3 or film*1 or ****	###
3	Moisture resistance KW	Full text	((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or ****	###
4	Moisture resistant pkg KW with Biodegradability Fterms	Combined query	1 and 2 and 3	###
5	Liquid packaging	JP F-terms	3E035AA03 or ****	###
6	Biodegradability KW	CTAB	(biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or ****	###
7	Biodegradability KW with liquid packaging Fterms	Combined query	4 and 5	###
8	Moisture resistant packaging	JP F-terms	3E033CA09 or 3E060DA21 or ****	###
9	Biodegradability KW and Moisture resistant packaging F terms	Combined query	5 and 7	###
10	Final combined Japanese query		4 or 6 or 8	###
1	Final combination of all languages search query			###

Relevant Class Codes and Definitons

IPC/ECLA

Class Codes	Definitions
B65D	Containers for storage or transport of articles or materials
3/22	Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines Containers with double walls
85/72	Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials For edible or potable liquids, semiliquids or potable or plastic materials
85/78	For ice cream
85/80	For milk
B65D43*	Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
65/42	Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form Application of coated or impregnated materials
65/46	Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
65/46C	Bio or photo degradable packaging materials
77/06	Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers Liquids or semi-liquids in flexible containers disposed within rigid containers
B32B	Layered products
15/08	Layered products essentially comprising metal Layered products comprising metal - of synthetic resin
27/04	Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin As impregnant bonding or embedding substance
27/08	Of synthetic resin of a different kind
27/10	Of paper or cardboard
27/12	Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
27/18	Characterized by the use of special additives
27/36	Comprising polyesters
37/06	Method or apparatus for laminating Characterized by the heating method
37/24	With one layer not coherent before laminating
B29C	Shaping or joining of plastics; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general; after- treatment of the shaped product
47/00	Extrusion moulding
49/08	Blow-moulding Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
55/02	Shaping by stretching, e.g. Drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor Shaping by stretching through a die or apparatus therefor - of plates or sheets
55/12	Biaxial
C08L	Compositions of macromolecular compounds
3/02	Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin
5/02	Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives Dextran; Derivatives thereof
67/02	Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
67/04	Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. Lactones
99/00	Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives
77/12	Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain Polyester-amides
101/16	Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds The macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
D21H	Pulp compositions
27/36	Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. Made by multi-step processes Films made from synthetic macromolecular compounds
27/30	Multi-ply
23/30	Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper Pretreatment of the paper
B05D	Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general
3/02	Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. Intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials By baking
5/00	Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures

US Class

Class codes	Definitions
220	Receptacle
DIG30	biodegradable
383	Flexible bags
001	Biodegradable feature
428	Stock material or miscellaneous articles
326	cellulosic (wood, paper, cork, rayon etc)
58	Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide
457	of metal
458	Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide (e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.)
483	Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
614	Laterally noncoextensive component (embedded etc,)
334	Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick
335	Upto 3 mils
336	1 mil or less
461	Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
475.2	Next to polyester
480	Of polyester (e.g., alkyd, etc.)
482	Of cross-linked polyester
34.2	Paper containing
35.7	Polymer or resin containing
427	Coating processes
250	metal coating
393.5	Resin, rubber or elastomer base
264	Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating processes
129	Extrudant contains added organic compound
401	Stereolithographic shaping from liquid precursor
521	Synthetic resins or natural rubbers
91	Synthetic resin including a silicon atom
124	Composition containing an additive which enhances degradation by environmental stimuli or process of preparing
445	clay
938	Polymer degradation
207	With carboxylic acid or derivative reactant
311	With di- or higher ester of polycarboxylic acid; or with polycarboxylic acid or derivative and a compound containing two or more hydroxyl groups or salts thereof as reactants
313	Ethylenically unsaturated reactant
314	Unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative reactant
229	Envelopes, wrappers, and paperboard boxes
4.5	Cylindrical or conical body or wall structure
5.81	Box material includes a coating or a nonpaperboard lamination or is permeated with a substance
125.23	Nonunitary securing element on closure engages nonunitary securing element on box (i.e., securing elements are not of one-piece construction with the box)
125.24	Threaded
404	Paperboard boxes including closure
493	Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
108	Manufacturing of a circular cross-section container
110	Including laminating or coating container blank
153	Noncircular cross section
229	Envelopes, wrappers, and paperboard boxes
404	Paperboard boxes including closure
156	Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
60	Surface bonding or assembly therefor
244.11	Adhesive bonding by extrusion
435	Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

F Term

F- TERM	Description
4J200	Biological depolymerization polymers
4J200BA*	Biodegradable materialsa (all F terms under this is included)
4J200EA11	Biodegradability
3E035	Packaging for living organisms, food, or medicinal products that are sensitive to environmental conditions
3E035AA03	Liquids
3E035BB06	Containers with liquid-holding units at the bottom of the container
3E033CA09	Water resistance or oil resistance
3E060DA21	Affording or improving waterproof or moisture proof characteristics
3E061AD03	Waterproof and oilproof properties
3E062JD02	Water resistance or moisture resistance
3E064BC04	Water resistance
3E065CA02	Water and oil resistance
3E067CA07	Waterproof

Relevant Patents

S. No.	Patent / Publication No.	Title	Assignee	Publication year	Dolcera summary
1	US7951438	BIAXIALLY ORIENTED POLYLACTIC ACID FILM WITH HIGH BARRIER	TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC	2011	A metallized laminate of polylactic acid with a moisture barrier property of at least 1.0 g/m2/day or better at 38oC. and 90% RH
2	US20110076511	MULTI-LAYER HIGH MOISTURE BARRIER POLYLACTIC ACID FILM	TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC	2011	A multi-layer biaxially oriented polylactic acid film with a coating layer of aluminum for improvement in barrier properties.
3	US20100252617	BIODEGRADABLE CONTAINER FOR LIQUID AND/OR SEMI-SOLID PRODUCTS	UMAGINATION LABS	2010	A liquid proof biodegradable container with lid and liner comprising of paper pulp and polylactic acid
4	US20100076099	BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITE COMPOSITIONS PARTICULARLY FOR PACKAGING	UNIV MICHIGAN STATE	2010	Beverage container made of a Polymer blend of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)
5	US20100247886	BIAXIALLY ORIENTED METALLIZED POLYLACTIC ACID FILM WITH HIGH METAL ADHESION AND HIGH BARRIER PROPERTIES	TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC	2010	Metallized films made of amorphous and crystalline PLA with a MVTR of 1.0 g/m2/day or less

Trends and Insights

File:121224.jpg

Biodegradable materials and combination used in water resistance packaging

• Numerical values represent the patent count
• Circles represents different compositions
• Lines between two circles is the patent count of biodegradable materials used in combination

Final Analysis Sheet

Click here to download the Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids Patent anal1ysis sheet

Market Research Information

For market information on Biodegradable packaging for liquids, please click here

Assignee analysis and IP activity

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Top Assignees in this technology area

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Top Assignees in Packaging Industry

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Top Assignees in Chemical Industry

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Top Assignees in FMCG Industry

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Top Assignees in Food Industry

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Geographical distribution of Patents

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Geographical distribution of Assignees

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IP activity based on Publication Year

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IP activity based on Priority Year

Interactive taxonomy

• Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy
• Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard

Upload Taxonomy file Biodegradable_Packaging_for_Liquid.mm

Dashboard link

Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids dashboard

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• Patents for which data is not available are analysed based on DWPI data which can not be disclosed due to legal issues.

Patent to Product Mapping

S.No.	Publication No.	Title	Assignee	Product	Image
1	WO2011119222	Container with an integral lid	EARTHKARE PACKAGING INNOVATIONS COMPANY	Beverage Container	File:Patpro2.png 100px
2	WO2009055067	Beverage container lid having liquid cooling effect	COOLLID CORPORATION	Cup Lid	File:Patpro3.png 100px
3	US20100258574	Cellulose based recyclable container	RECYCOOL, INC.	cooler	File:Patpro4.png 100px
4	US7854994	Barrier film	PLANTIC TECHNOLOGY	Sheet	File:Patpro5.png 100px