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11:31, 28 July 2011 Kidney stones often result from a combination of factors, rather than a single, well-defined cause. Stones are more common in people whose diet is very high in animal protein or vitamin C or who do not consume enough water or calcium. They can result from an underlying metabolic condition, such as renal tubular acidosis, Dent's disease, hyperparathyroidism, primary hyperoxaluria or medullary sponge kidney.