Difference between pages "Interferon For Treatment of Melanoma" and "Wind Energy"

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==Dashboard==
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This report presents a brief introduction to wind energy and technologies available for horizontal wind turbines. A detailed taxonomy for horizontal axis wind turbines is presented covering parts of the turbine, control systems, applications among others. A detailed landscape analysis of patent and non-patent literature is done with a focus on Doubly-fed Induction Generators (DFIG) used in the horizontal axis wind turbines for efficient power generation. The product information of major players in the market is also captured for Doubly-fed Induction Generators. The final section of the report covers the existing and future market predictions for wind energy-based power generation.
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[[Image:Wind_Flowchart.PNG|right|580px|thumb|Process Flow]]
  
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* Click here to view '''[http://www.dolcera.com/auth/dashboard/dashboard.php?workfile_id=890 Sample Dashboard]'''
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<br>
 +
=Introduction=
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* We have been using wind power at least since 5000 BC to propel sailboats and sailing ships, and architects have used wind-driven natural ventilation in buildings since similarly ancient times. The use of wind to provide mechanical power came later.
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* Harnessing renewable alternative energy is the ideal way to tackle the energy crisis, with due consideration given to environmental pollution, that looms large over the world.
  
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NOTE: You need to install Internet Explorer 8.0 and Adobe Flash Player to view the Dashboard.
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* Renewable energy is also called "clean energy" or "green power" because it doesn’t pollute the air or the water. Wind energy is one such renewable energy source that harnesses natural wind power.<br>
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== Read More? ==
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Click on '''[[Wind Energy Background]]''' to read more about wind energy.
  
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Please download [http://www.microsoft.com/windows/internet-explorer/default.aspx '''Internet Explorer 8.0'''] and [http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/?promoid=DRHWS '''Adobe Flash player''']
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In order to overcome the problems associated with fixed speed wind turbine system and to maximize the wind energy capture, many new wind farms are employing variable speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS) with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). It is the most popular and widely used scheme for the wind generators due to its advantages.
  
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==Objective==
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For variable-speed systems with limited variable-speed range, e.g. ±30% of synchronous speed, the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) can be an interesting solution. This is mainly due to the fact that the power electronic converter only has to handle a fraction (20-30%) of the total power as the converters are connected to the rotor and not to the stator. Therefore, the losses in the power electronic converter can be reduced, compared to a system where the converter has to handle the total power. The overall structure of wind power generation through DFIG as shown in the figure below.
  
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'''Primary objective of the study was to perform a prior art search on usage of interferon for the treatment of melanoma.'''
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=Market Research=
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==The History of Wind Energy==
  
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To achieve our objective we performed following steps:
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To read about '''the History of Wind Energy''', '''[http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=The_History_of_Wind_Energy click here]'''
  
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*Created a multi level taxonomy to categorize the patents using interferon for melanoma treatment
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==Global Wind Energy Market==
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===Market Overview===
 +
* In the year 2010, the wind capacity reached worldwide '''196’630 Megawatt''', after '''159’050 MW''' in 2009, '''120’903 MW''' in 2008, and '''93’930 MW''' in 2007.
 +
[[Image:World_Installed2.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
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* Wind power showed a growth rate of '''23.6 %''', the lowest growth since 2004 and the second lowest growth of the past decade.
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* For the first time in more than two decades, the market for new wind turbines was smaller than in the previous year and reached an overall size of '''37’642 MW''', after 38'312 MW in 2009.
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[[Image:New.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
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* All wind turbines installed by the end of 2010 worldwide can generate '''430 Tera watt hours per annum''', more than the total electricity demand of the United Kingdom, the sixth largest economy of the world, and equaling 2.5 % of the global electricity consumption.
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* In the year 2010, altogether '''83 countries''', one more than in 2009, used wind energy for electricity generation. 52 countries increased their total installed capacity, after 49 in the previous year.
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* The turnover of the wind sector worldwide reached '''40 billion Euros (55 billion US$) in 2010''', after 50 billion Euros (70 billion US$) in the year 2009. The decrease is due to lower prices for wind turbines and a shift towards China.
 +
* China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added '''18’928 Megawatt''' within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
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* The wind sector in 2010 employed '''670’000 persons''' worldwide.
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* Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.
 +
* WWEA sees a global capacity of '''600’000 Megawatt''' as possible by the year 2015 and more than '''1’500’000 Megawatt''' by the year 2020.
  
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*Marked out relevant IPC, ECLA, US classes and Japanese F-term available for technology in question.
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Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
  
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*Identified and clubbed relevant keywords with classes to extract relevant patents.
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===Global Market Forecast===
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* Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010, provides forecast under  [http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Forecast_Scenarios three different scenarios] - Reference, Moderate and Advanced.
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* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 572,733 MW by the year 2030, under the Reference Scenario
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* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 1,777,550 MW by the year 2030, under the Moderate Scenario
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* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 2,341,984 MW by the year 2030, under the Advanced Scenario
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* The following chart shows the Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast,under the different scenarios:
  
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*Checked for patents in US, EP, PCT, JP, Great Britain, and German patent records
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[[Image:Global_Forecast.PNG|center|1080px|thumb|Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast, Source: [http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/Publications/GWEO%202010%20final.pdf Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010]]]
  
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*Performed MPI-INPADOC search which cover bibliographic data for 71 countries and legal status for 42 countries
 
  
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*Analyzed the patents and prepared an IPmap covering relevant patents for client usage.
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Source: [http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/Publications/GWEO%202010%20final.pdf Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010]
  
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==Overview==
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===Market Growth Rates===
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* The growth rate is the relation between the new installed wind power capacity and the installed capacity of the previous year.
 +
* With '''23.6 %''', the year 2010 showed the second lowest growth rate of the last decade.
  
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===Interferon===
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[[Image:World_Market_Growth Rates.PNG|center|600px|thumb|World Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
  
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[[Image:interferon.jpg|250px|right|thumb|'''Interferon''' [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/1HIG_Interferon-Gamma01.png Source]]]
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* Before 2010, the annual growth rate had continued to increase since the year 2004, '''peaking in 2009 at 31.7%''', the highest rate since 2001.
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* The highest growth rates of the year 2010 by country can be found in '''Romania''', which increased its capacity by 40 times.
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* The second country with a growth rate of more than 100 % was '''Bulgaria (112%)'''.
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* In the year 2009, four major wind markets had more than doubled their wind capacity: '''China, Mexico, Turkey, and Morocco'''.
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* Next to China, strong growth could be found mainly in '''Eastern European and South Eastern European''' countries: Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Croatia and Cyprus, and Belgium.
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* Africa (with the exception of Egypt and Morocco) and Latin America (with the exception of Brazil), are again lagging behind the rest of the world in the commercial use of wind power.  
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* The Top 10 countries by Growth Rate are shown in the figure listed below (only markets bigger than 200 MW have been considered):
  
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Interferons (IFNs) are natural cell-signaling proteins produced by the cells of the immune system of most vertebrates in response to challenges such as viruses, parasites and tumor cells. They belong to the large class of glycoproteins known as cytokines and are produced by a wide variety of cells in response to the presence of double-stranded RNA, a key indicator of viral infection. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma Source]  
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[[Image:Top_Growth_Countries.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
  
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Interferons assist the immune response by inhibiting viral replication within host cells, activating natural killer cells and macrophages, increasing antigen presentation to T lymphocytes, and increasing the resistance of host cells to viral infection. There are 3 known classes of interferons; type I, type II and type III. All classes are very important in fighting viral infections. Recent studies have shown that Interferon can also help stop the growth and spread of cancer cells. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferon Source]
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==Geographical Market Distribution==
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* China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added '''18'928 Megawatt''' within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
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* Major decrease in new installations can be observed in North America and the '''USA lost its number one position''' in total capacity to China.
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* Many Western European countries are showing stagnation, whereas there is strong growth in a number of Eastern European countries.
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* '''Germany''' keeps its number one position in Europe with '''27'215 Megawatt''', followed by Spain with 20'676 Megawatt.
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* The highest shares of wind power can be found in three European countries: '''Denmark (21.0%), Portugal (18.0 %) and Spain (16.0%)'''.
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* '''Asia''' accounted for the largest share of new installations '''(54.6%)''', followed by '''Europe (27.0%)''' and '''North America (16.7 %)'''.
 +
* '''Latin America (1.2%)''' and '''Africa (0.4%)''' still played only a marginal role in new installations.
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* Africa: North Africa represents still lion share of installed capacity, wind energy plays hardly a role yet in Sub-Sahara Africa.
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* Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.
  
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===Melanoma===
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Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
  
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Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer. It begins in skin cells called melanocytes. Melanocytes are the cells that make melanin, which gives skin its color. Melanin also protects the deeper layers of the skin from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays.When people spend time in the sunlight, the melanocytes make more melanin and cause the skin to tan. This also happens when skin is exposed to other forms of ultraviolet light (such as in a tanning booth). If the skin receives too much ultraviolet light, the melanocytes may begin to grow abnormally and become cancerous. This condition is called melanoma.People with melanoma who have one or more positive lymph nodes are at a high risk to have their melanoma recur. It is believed that 70 to 80% of these individuals will have their melanoma come back within the next three to five years. [http://www.melanoma.com/whatis.html Source]
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The regional breakdowns for the period 2009-2030 has been provided for the following three scenarios:
 +
;# [[Regional Breakdown: Reference scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
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;# [[Regional Breakdown: Moderate scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
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;# [[Regional Breakdown: Advanced scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
  
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===Interferon for treatment of melanoma===
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''Note: To know more about the '''Forecast Scenarios''' [http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Forecast_Scenarios click here]''
  
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Over the past several decades, the incidence of melanoma has increased at a faster rate than that of any other solid tumor. In the 1930s, the lifetime risk for a person living in the U.S. to develop melanoma was 1 in 1,500. Currently, that risk is 1 in 74, and for 2003 it was estimated that 51,400 cases of invasive melanoma would be diagnosed. While efforts to improve early diagnosis through education have resulted in the increased detection of early-stage melanoma, many patients still present with high-risk primary melanomas.
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==Country-wise Market Distribution==
  
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A beacon of hope in the treatment of melanoma has long been the observation that melanoma is susceptible to attack by the host’s immune system. This has resulted in the testing of a remarkably broad spectrum of immunotherapies, including the use of nonspecific immunostimulants, various approaches to vaccine therapies, and cytokine therapy. Many of these approaches failed to demonstrate a significant clinical impact, and the practitioner had been left with few options in treating high-risk melanoma patients with adjuvant therapy. One exception to this, however, has been the use of adjuvant interferon alpha (IFN-{alpha})
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* In 2010, the Chinese wind market represented more than half of the world market for new wind turbines adding '''18.9 GW''', which equals a market share of '''50.3%'''.
 +
* A sharp decrease in new capacity happened in the USA whose share in new wind turbines fell down to '''14.9% (5.6 GW)''', after 25.9% or 9.9 GW in
 +
the year 2009.
 +
* '''Nine further countries''' could be seen as major markets, with turbine sales in a range '''between 0.5 and 1.5 GW''': Germany, Spain, India, United
 +
Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, Sweden and the Eastern European newcomer Romania.
 +
* Further, '''12 markets''' for new turbines had a medium size '''between 100 and 500 MW''': Turkey, Poland, Portugal, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Japan, Bulgaria, Greece, Egypt, Ireland, and Mexico.
 +
* By end of 2010, '''20 countries''' had installations of '''more than 1 000 MW''', compared with 17 countries by end of 2009 and 11 countries byend of 2005.
 +
* Worldwide, '''39 countries''' had wind farms with '''a capacity of 100 Megawatt''' or more installed, compared with 35 countries one year ago, and 24 countries five years ago.
 +
* The top five countries (USA, China, Germany, Spain and India) represented '''74.2%''' of the worldwide wind capacity, significantly more than 72.9 % in the year.
 +
* The '''USA and China''' together represented '''43.2%''' of the global wind capacity (up from 38.4 % in 2009).
 +
* The newcomer on the list of countries using wind power commercially is a Mediterranean country, '''Cyprus''', which for the first time installed a larger grid-connected wind farm, with 82 MW.
  
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While the precise mechanism of action remains poorly understood, there are multiple antitumor effects of IFN-{alpha}. These include a direct antiproliferative effect, the enhancement of natural killer cell activity, and the upregulation of tumor antigens and/or HLA class I and class II antigens. Initial phase II clinical studies with IFN-{alpha} in metastatic melanoma showed response rates in the 10%–20% range [4, 5]. These response rates, while encouraging, were not significant enough to lead to its widespread use in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. [http://theoncologist.alphamedpress.org/cgi/content/full/8/5/451 Source]
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Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
  
 +
The top 10 countries by Total Installed Capacity for the year 2010, is illustrated in the chart below:
 +
[[Image:Top_Installed_Countries.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
  
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==Interactive Taxonomy==
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To view the Top 10 countries by different other parameters for the year 2010, click on the links below:
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<mm>[[Interferon_For_the_treatment_Of_Melanoma.mm]]</mm>
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;# [[Top 10 countries by Total New Installed Capacity]]
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;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per Capita (kW/cap)]]
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;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per Land Area (kW/sq. km)]]
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;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per GDP (kW/ million USD)]]
  
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==Concept Table==
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To view the '''[[Country-wise Installed Wind Power Capacity]]''' (MW) 2002-2010 (Source: World Wind Energy Association), '''[http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Country-wise_Installed_Wind_Power_Capacity click here]'''
  
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{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
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==Country Profiles==
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
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===China===
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-1'''</center>
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<br>'''Wind Energy Outlook for China - 2011 & Beyond'''
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-2'''</center>
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<br>Despite its rapid and seemingly unhampered expansion, the
 +
Chinese wind power sector continues to face significant
 +
challenges, including issues surrounding grid access and
 +
integration, reliability of turbines and a coherent strategy for
 +
developing China’s offshore wind resource. These issues will
 +
be prominent during discussions around the twelfth Five-Year
 +
Plan, which will be passed in March 2011. According to the
 +
draft plan, this is expected to reflect the Chinese
 +
government’s continuous and reinforced commitment to
 +
wind power development, with national wind energy targets
 +
of 90 GW for 2015 and 200 GW for 2020.
  
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|-
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For a detailed country profile of China please visit this [[China Wind Energy Profile Link]]
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanoma</center>
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interferon</center>
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|-
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===India===
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
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<br>'''Wind Energy Main market developments in 2010'''
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Cancer</center>
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<br>Today the Indian market is emerging as one of the major
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>IFN</center>
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manufacturing hubs for wind turbines in Asia. Currently,
 +
seventeen manufacturers have an annual production capacity
 +
of 7,500 MW. According to the WISE, the annual wind turbine
 +
manufacturing capacity in India is likely to exceed
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17,000 MW by 2013.
 +
<br>The Indian market is expanding with the leading wind
 +
companies like Suzlon, Vestas, Enercon, RRB Energy and GE
 +
now being joined by new entrants like Gamesa, Siemens, and
 +
WinWinD, all vying for a greater market share. Suzlon, however,
 +
is still the market leader with a market share of over 50%.
 +
<br>The Indian wind industry has not been significantly affected
 +
by the financial and economic crises. Even in the face of a
 +
global slowdown, the Indian annual wind power market has
 +
grown by almost 68%. However, it needs to be pointed out
 +
that the strong growth in 2010 might have been stimulated
 +
by developers taking advantage of the accelerated
 +
depreciation before this option is phased out.
  
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|-
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For a detailed country profile of India please visit this [[India Wind Energy Profile Link]]
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Skin Cancer</center>
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>huIFN</center>
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|-
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==Market Share Analysis==
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
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===Global Market Share===
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Carcinoma</center>
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* Vestas leads the Global Market in the 2010 with a 12% market share according to Make Consulting, while BTM Consulting reports it to have a 14.8% market share.
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|
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* According to Make Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has decreased from 19% in 2008, to 14.5% in 2009, to 12% in 2010.
 +
* According to BTM Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has changed from 19% in 2008, to 12% in 2009, to 14.8% in 2010.
 +
* According to Make Consulting, the global market share of GE Energy has decreased from 18% in 2008, to 12.5% in 2009, to 10% in 2010.
 +
* The market share of world no. 2 Sinovel, has been constantly increasing, from 5% in 2008 , to 9.3% in 2009, to 11% in 2010
 +
* The top 5 companies have been occupying more than half of the Global Market Share from 2008 to 2010
  
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|-
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Source: [http://www.make-consulting.com Make Consulting], [http://www.btmgcs.com/ BTM Global Consulting]
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Tumor</center>
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−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|
+
  
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|-
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The chart given below illustrates the Global Market Share Comparison of Major Wind Energy Companies for the period 2008-2010, as provided by two different agencies, Make Consulting and BTM Consulting:
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''6'''</center>
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[[Image:Market_Share_Comparison.JPG|center|1080px|thumb|Global Market Share Comparison of Major Companies for the period 2008-2010
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanocyte</center>
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, Source: [http://www.make-consulting.com Make Consulting], [http://www.btmgcs.com/ BTM Global Consulting]]]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
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−
|}
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−
===French Keywords Concept table===
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−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-1'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-2'''</center>
+
  
 +
===Market Share - Top 10 Markets===
 +
* While Vestas is the Global Leader, it is the leader in only one of Top 10 markets, which is 10<sup>th</sup> placed Sweden
 +
* But, Vestas is ranked 2<sup>nd</sup> in 5 of Top 10 markets
 +
* Sinovel, ranked 2<sup>nd</sup> globally, features only once in the Top 3 Companies list in the Top 10 markets, but scores globally because it leads the largest market China
 +
* The table given below illustrates the Top 3 players in Top 10 Wind Energy Markets of the world:
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="50%" align="center"
 +
|bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Market'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''MW'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 3'''</font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''China'''
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>mélanome</center>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|18928
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interféron*</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Sinovel
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Goldwind
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Dongfang
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''USA'''
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Peau Cancer </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|5115
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>huIFN </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''India'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Carcinome </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|2139
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>IFN </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Germany'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Tumeur </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1551
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''UK'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Mélanocyte </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1522
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
−
|}
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
−
 
+
−
===German Keywords Concept Table===
+
−
 
+
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-1'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Concept-2'''</center>
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Spain'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanoma</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1516
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interferon</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''France'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Haut Krebs </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1186
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>huIFN </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Italy'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Karzinoma </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|948
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>IFN </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Canada'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Krebsgeschwür </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|690
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Sweeden'''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Tumor </center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|604
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>6</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "5"|''Source: BTM Consult - part of Navigant Consulting - March 2011''
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Geschwulst </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|  
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>7</center>
+
|}<br clear="all">
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanozyten </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"|
+
  
−
|}
+
Source: [http://www.btm.dk/reports/world+market+update+2010 BTM Consult]
  
 +
==Company Profiles==
  
−
===Class codes identified for searches===
+
# '''[[Vestas Wind Systems A/S]]'''
 +
# '''[[Suzlon Energy]]'''
  
−
* '''Relevant IPC classes'''
+
==Major Wind Turbine Suppliers==
−
 
+
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="50%" align="center"
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Turbine maker'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "4"|'''IPC'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Rotor blades'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Gear boxes'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Generators'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Towers'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Controllers'''</font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Sr. No.'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class Code'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas, LM
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class definition'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Bosch Rexroth, Hansen, Wingery, Moventas
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class coverage'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Weier, Elin, ABB, LeroySomer
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Vestas, NEG, DMI
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Cotas (Vestas),<br>NEG (Dancontrol)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''1'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE energy
−
|align = "center"|A61K003819
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|LM, Tecsis
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing peptides - Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Wingery, Bosch, Rexroth, Eickhoff, GE
−
|align = "center"|Broad
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Loher, GE
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|DMI, Omnical, SIAG
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''2'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
−
|align = "center"|A61K003821
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa, LM
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing peptides Interferon
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Echesa (Gamesa), Winergy, Hansen
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Indar (Gamesa), Cantarey
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Ingelectric (Gamesa)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''3'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
−
|align = "center"|C07K001452
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof - Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Direct drive
−
|align = "center"|Broad
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|KGW, SAM
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''4'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Siemens<br>wind
−
|align = "center"|C07K014555
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens, LM
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - Interferon
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Winergy
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|ABB
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Roug, KGW
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Siemens, KK Electronic
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''5'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
−
|align = "center"|C07K001456
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-alpha
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Hansen, Winergy
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Suzlon,<br>Siemens
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Suzlon, Mita Teknik
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''6'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Repower
−
|align = "center"|C07K014565
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|LM
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-beta
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Winergy, Renk, Eickhoff
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|N/A
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|N/A
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Mita Teknik, ReGuard
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''7'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Nordex
−
|align = "center"|C07K001457
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Nordex
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-gamma
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Winergy, Eickhoff, Maag
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Loher
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Nordex, Omnical
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Nordex, Mita Teknik
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''8'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "6"|''Source: BTM Consult''
−
|align = "center"|A61P003500
+
−
|align = "center"|Therapeutic activity of chemical compounds or medicinal preparations -antineoplastic agents
+
−
|align = "center"|Broad
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|}
+
|}<br clear="all">
−
 
+
−
* '''Relevant ECLA classes'''
+
  
 +
==Products of Top Companies==
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "4"|'''ECLA'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width=”42”|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Sr. No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Product'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class Code'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Specifications'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class definition'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class coverage'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''1'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|V80
−
|align = "center"|A61K003819
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power: '''2.0 MW,  '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4-pole, '''Operating Temperature: -'''30°C to 40°
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing peptides - Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Broad
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|-
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''2'''
+
|V90
−
|align = "center"|A61K003821
+
|'''Rated Power:''' 1.8/2.0 MW, '''Frequency :''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles :''' 4-pole(50 Hz)/6-pole(60 Hz), '''Operating Temperature: -'''30°C to 40°
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing  Interferon
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''3'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|V90 Offshore
−
|align = "center"|A61K38/21A
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 3.0 MW, '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4-pole, '''Operating Temperature: '''-30°C to 40°
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing  IFN-alpha
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center"|4
−
|-
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.china-windturbine.com/news/doubly_wind_turbines.htm North Heavy Company]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''4'''
+
|2 MW DFIG
−
|align = "center"|A61K38/21B
+
|'''Rated Power:''' 2.0 MW, '''Rated Voltage:''' 690V, '''Rated Current:''' 1670A, '''Frequency:''' 50Hz, '''Number of Poles :''' 4-pole,  '''Rotor Rated Voltage:''' 1840V, '''Rotor Rated Current''' 670A, '''Rated Speed:''' 1660rpm;''' Power Speed Range: '''520-1950 rpm, '''Insulation Class:''' H, '''Protection Class:''' IP54,  '''Motor Temperature Rise''' =<nowiki><</nowiki>95K
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing  IFN-beta
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:X9KReq0YEigJ:www.iberdrolarenewables.us/bluecreek/docs/primary/03-Appendices/_Q-Brochure-of-G-90-Turbine/Brochure-G-90-Turbine.pdf+gamesa+g90&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgldaLogi1i5Pg71zE-FO_AMqbeKL5wJiA8LVklgq5ev2in Gamesa]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''5'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|G90
−
|align = "center"|A61K38/21C
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Voltage:''' 690 V,  '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz,  '''Number of Poles:''' 4,  '''Rotational Speed:''' 900:1,900 rpm (rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz); '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class:''' IP 54, '''Power Factor(standard):'''  0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power Factor(Optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
−
|align = "center"|Medicinal preparations containing  IFN-gamma
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center"|6
−
|-
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''6'''
+
| N80
−
|align = "center"|C07K001452
+
|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage:''' 690V, '''Frequency:''' 50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems:''' liquid/air
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof - Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Broad
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''7'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"| N90
−
|align = "center"|C07K014555
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V,''' Frequency: '''50/60Hz,''' Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - Interferon
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center"|8
−
|-
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''8'''
+
|N100
−
|align = "center"|C07K001456
+
|'''Rated Power:''' 2.4 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Frequency: '''50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-alpha
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''9'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"| N117
−
|align = "center"|C07K014565
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Frequency: '''50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-beta
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center"|10
−
|-
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.converteam.com/majic/pageServer/1704040148/en/index.html Converteam]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''10'''
+
|DFIG
−
|align = "center"|C07K001457
+
|NA
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids - IFN-gamma
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|11
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://geoho.en.alibaba.com/product/252321923-0/1_5MW_doubly_fed_asynchronous_generator.html Xian Geoho Energy Technology]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''11'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1.5MW DFIG
−
|align = "center"|C07K014715G
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1550KW,  '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Rated Speed: '''1755 r/min, '''Speed Range: '''975<nowiki>~</nowiki>1970 r/min, '''Number of Poles: '''4-pole, '''Stator Rated Voltage: '''690V±10%, '''Stator Rated Current: '''1115A; '''Rotor Rated Voltage: '''320V, '''Rotor Rated Current: '''430A, '''Winding Connection: '''Y / Y, '''Power Factor: '''0.95(Lead) <nowiki>~</nowiki> 0.95Lag,''' Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Insulation Class: '''H, '''Work Mode: '''S1, '''Installation ModeI: '''M B3, '''Cooling Mode: '''Air cooling,  '''Weight: '''6950kg
−
|align = "center"|Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants - for interferons -
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Specific
+
|align = "center"|12
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
 +
|TW450XX (0.5-1 KW)
 +
|'''Rated Power:''' 0.5 -1 KW, '''Rated Voltage: '''460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4/6,''' Ambient Temp.(°C): -'''40 to 50, '''Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed): '''68% to 134%,  '''Power Factor (Leading): -'''0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90 , '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency: '''<nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|13
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|TW500XX (1-2 KW)
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1-2 kW,''' Rated Voltage:''' 460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency:''' 50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4/6, Ambient Temp.(°C): -40 to 50; '''Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed):''' 68 to 134%, '''Power Factor(Leading): -'''0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90, '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency:''' <nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|14
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
 +
|TW560XX (2-3 KW)
 +
|'''Rated Power: '''2-3kW, '''Rated Voltage: '''460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4/6, '''Ambient Temp(°C): ''' -40 to 50, '''Speed Range(% of Synch. Speed)''':''' '''68 to 134%, '''Power Factor(Leading):''' -0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90, '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency:''' <nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%.
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|15
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.acciona-na.com/About-Us/Our-Projects/U-S-/West-Branch-Wind-Turbine-Generator-Assembly-Plant.aspx Acciona]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|AW1500
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1.5MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690 V, '''Frequency: '''50 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4,  '''Rotational Speed: '''900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Power Factor(standard): '''0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power factor(optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|16
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.acciona-na.com/About-Us/Our-Projects/U-S-/West-Branch-Wind-Turbine-Generator-Assembly-Plant.aspx Acciona]</u></font>
 +
|AW3000
 +
|'''Rated Power:''' 3.0MW, '''Rated Voltage: ''' 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4, '''Rotational Speed: '''900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Power Factor(standard): '''0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power Factor (optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|17
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://gepower.com/businesses/ge_wind_energy/en/index.htm General Electric]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|GE 1.5/2.5MW
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1.5/2.5 MW, '''Frequency(Hz): '''50/60
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
* '''Relevant US classes'''
+
= IP Search & Analysis =
 +
== Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Search Strategy ==
 +
The present study on the IP activity in the area of horizontal axis wind turbines with focus on '''''Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG)''''' is based on a search conducted on Thomson Innovation.
 +
===Control Patents===
  
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "3"|'''US class'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Sr. No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="15%"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class Code'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''Class definition'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
−
|-
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''1'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|align = "center"|4240854
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6278211.PN.&OS=PN/6278211&RS=PN/6278211 US6278211]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|DRUG, BIO-AFFECTING AND BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS - this subclass provides for patents which broadly claim interferon or a method of treatment of interferon where the classification of the interferon as alpha, beta or gamma interferon is impossible
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/02/01
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Sweo Edwin
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''2'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Brush-less doubly-fed induction machines employing dual cage rotors
−
|align = "center"|4242811
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"| DRUG, BIO-AFFCTING AND BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS - Virus (e.g., interferon-inducing virus, etc.)
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6954004.PN.&OS=PN/6954004&RS=PN/6954004 US6954004]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''3'''
+
|align = "center"|10/11/05
−
|align = "center"|42400141
+
|Spellman High Voltage Electron
−
|align = "center"|DRUG, BIO-AFFECTING AND BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS - Attached to lymphokine, cytokine, or other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator specific for a hematopoietic cell (e.g., interferon, interleukin, macrophage factor, colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin); derivative thereof
+
|Doubly fed induction machine
−
|-
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''4'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|align = "center"|514889
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7411309.PN.&OS=PN/7411309&RS=PN/7411309 US7411309]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|DRUG, BIO-AFFECTING AND BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS - INTERFERON INDUCER
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/12/08
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Xantrex Technology
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''5'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Control system for doubly fed induction generator
−
|align = "center"|530351
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"| CHEMISTRY: NATURAL RESINS OR DERIVATIVES; PEPTIDES OR PROTEINS; LIGNINS OR REACTION PRODUCTS THEREOF - Lymphokines, e.g., interferons, interlukins, etc.
+
|align = "center"|4
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7485980.PN.&OS=PN/7485980&RS=PN/7485980 US7485980]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''6'''
+
|align = "center"|02/03/09
−
|align = "center"|930142
+
|Hitachi
−
|align = "center"|PEPTIDE OR PROTEIN SEQUENCE - Interferon
+
|Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system
−
|-
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''7'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
−
|align = "center"|4240851
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7800243.PN.&OS=PN/7800243&RS=PN/7800243 US7800243]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|LYMPHOKINE - Included in this and the indented subclasses interferon, interleukin and macrophage factors (monokines)
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/21/10
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Vestas Wind Systems
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''8'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed
−
|align = "center"|4240855
+
|- valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Gamma or immune: This subclass is indented under subclass 85.4. Subject matter in which the interferon is gamma or immune interferon.
+
|align = "center"|6
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7830127.PN.&OS=PN/7830127&RS=PN/7830127 US7830127]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''9'''
+
|align = "center"|11/09/10
−
|align = "center"|4240856
+
|Wind to Power System
−
|align = "center"|Subject matter in which the interferon is beta or fibroblast interferon.
+
|Doubly-controlled asynchronous generator
−
|-
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''10'''
+
−
|align = "center"|4240857
+
−
|align = "center"|Subject matter in which the interferon is alpha or leukocyte interferon.
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==Intellectual property==
+
===Patent Classes===
−
 
+
−
===Search strategy and concept===
+
−
 
+
−
Date of Search: 1836 to Feb 3rd, 2011
+
−
Database used: Micropatent - Include extensive full text and MPI-Inpadoc searches
+
−
 
+
−
===Search in Micropatent full text - English language search===
+
−
 
+
−
Micro patent full text search allow search in fulltext of US, EP, PCT, Great Britain, and German patent records as well as the front page of JP documents. US, EP, and DE are covered at first publication and when granted.
+
  
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''S.No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search concept'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search Scope'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class Type'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search reason'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Definition'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Class Code (IPC,US,ECLA)'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search query'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''No. of hits'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=F03D0009000000 F03D9/00 ]</u></font>
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''1'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / '''Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus) '''
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Title, Abstract and Claims
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|align = "center"|Specific classes of interferon AND melanoma keywords
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://v3.espacenet.com/eclasrch?classification=ecla&locale=en_EP&ECLA=f03d9/00c F03D9/00C ]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|A61K003821<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR C07K014555 OR C07K001456 OR C07K014565 OR C07K001457 OR C07K014715G OR 4240854 OR 4242811 OR 42400141 OR 514889 OR 530351 OR 930142
+
|ECLA
−
|align = "center"|(Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus) /''' The apparatus being an electrical generator '''
−
|align = "center"|576
+
|-valign="top"
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#&refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02J0003380000 H02J3/38 ]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
−
|align = "center"|Title, Abstract and Claims
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; systems for storing electric energy / Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks / '''Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers '''
−
|align = "center"|Broad classes of interferon AND melanoma, interferon keywords
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|A61K003819 OR C07K001452 OR 4240851 OR 4240855 OR 4240856 OR 4240857 OR A61P003500
+
|align = "center"|4
−
|align = "center"|(Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02K0017420000 H02K17/42 ]
−
|align = "center"|756
+
</u></font>
−
|-
+
|IPC
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''3'''
+
|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Dynamo-electric machines / Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators / '''Asynchronous induction generators '''
−
|align = "center"|'''Final query'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" colspan = "4"|'''1 OR 2'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
−
|align = "center"|1019 records<br>'''571 unique records'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02P0009000000 H02P9/00 ]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Control or regulation of electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils /''' Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output '''
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|6
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc290/sched290.htm#C290S044000 290/044]</u></font>
 +
|USPC
 +
|Prime-mover dynamo plants / electric control / Fluid-current motors / '''Wind '''
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc290/sched290.htm#C290S055000 290/055]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|USPC
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Prime-mover dynamo plants / Fluid-current motors / '''Wind'''  
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|8
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc318/sched318.htm#C318S727000 318/727]</u></font>
 +
|USPC
 +
|Electricity: motive power systems / '''Induction motor systems '''
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc322/sched322.htm#C322S047000 322/047]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|USPC
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Electricity: single generator systems / Generator control / '''Induction generator '''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Search in Micropatent full text - Foreign language search===
+
===Concept Table===
−
 
+
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
Micro patent full text search allow search in fulltext of US, EP, PCT, Great Britain, and German patent records as well as the front page of JP documents. US, EP, and DE are covered at first publication and when granted.
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 1'''</font>
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 2'''</font>
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align = "center" width="100%"
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 3'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''S.No.'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search concept'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Language'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search Scope'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search reason'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Class Code (IPC, ECLA)'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search query'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''No. of hits'''
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''1'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Doubly Fed'''
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Induction'''
−
|align = "center"|'''French'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Generator'''
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Title, Abstract and Claims
+
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Specific classes of interferon AND melanoma<nowiki>’</nowiki>s foregin langugae keywords
+
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|A61K003821<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR C07K014555 OR C07K001456 OR C07K014565 OR C07K001457 OR C07K014715G
+
−
|align = "center"|(mélanome or (Peau NEAR3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)) OR (Mélanocytes Near3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)))
+
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|184 hits
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|'''German'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|align = "center"|(Melanom or (Haut NEAR3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)) OR (Melanozyten Near3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)))
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|doubly fed
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|induction
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|generator
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''2'''
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|double output
−
|align = "center"|'''French'''
+
|asynchronous
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Title, Abstract and Claims
+
|machines
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Broad classes of interferon AND melanoma<nowiki>’</nowiki>s and interferon<nowiki>’</nowiki>s foregin langugae keywords
+
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|A61K003819 OR C07K001452 OR A61P003500
+
−
|align = "center"|(mélanome or (Peau NEAR3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)) OR (Mélanocytes Near3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)))
+
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|3375 hits
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|'''German'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|align = "center"|(Melanom or (Haut NEAR3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)) OR (Melanozyten Near3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)))
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|dual fed
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|  
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|systems
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''3'''
+
|align = "center"|4
−
|align = "center" colspan = "5"|'''Final query'''
+
|dual feed
−
|align = "center"|'''1 OR 2'''
+
|
−
|align = "center"|'''3422 hits<br>(2023 unique records, 30-35 % relevant)'''
+
|
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|dual output
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|  
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Search in Micropatent MPI-INPADOC - English language search===
+
===Thomson Innovation Search===
−
 
+
'''Database:''' Thomson Innovation<br>
−
Micrpatent MPI-INPADOC search bibliographic data for 71 countries and legal status for 42. Only those patents were analyzed which have English title and/or abstract.
+
'''Patent coverage:''' US EP WO JP DE GB FR CN KR DWPI<br>
−
 
+
'''Time line:''' 01/01/1836 to 07/03/2011
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''S.No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search concept'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search Scope'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Scope'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search reason'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Search String'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Class search'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. of Hits'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search query'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''No. of hits'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad)
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''1'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Claims, Title, and Abstract
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|(((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3)) NEAR5 (induction OR asynchronous)) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR dfig or doig)
−
|align = "center"|Title and Abstract
+
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|873
−
|align = "center"|Specific IPC classes of interferon AND melanoma keywords
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|A61K03821 OR C07K014555 OR C07K01456 OR C07K014565 OR C07K01457
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|align = "center"|(Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad)
−
|align = "center"|174
+
|Full Spec.
−
|-
+
|(((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3)) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1))) OR dfig or doig)
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
+
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Title and Abstract
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|align = "center"|Broad IPC classes of interferon AND melanoma, interferon keywords
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Induction Machine: Classes
−
|align = "center"|A61K03819 OR C07K01452 OR A61P03500
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|US, IPC, and ECLA Classes
−
|align = "center"|(IFN<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>IFN OR interferon<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>interferon OR huIFN) AND (Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((318/727 OR 322/047) OR (H02K001742))
−
|align = "center"|484
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
−
|-
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''3'''
+
|align = "center"|4
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|Generators: Classes
−
|align = "center"|Title and Abstract
+
|US, IPC, and ECLA Classes
−
|align = "center"|Specific ECLA classes of interferon AND melanoma keywords
+
|((290/044 OR 290/055) OR (F03D000900C OR H02J000338 OR F03D0009<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR H02P0009<nowiki>*</nowiki>))
−
|align = "center"|A61K03821<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR C07K014555 OR C07K01456 OR C07K014565 OR C07K01457 OR C07K014715G
+
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
−
|align = "center"|(Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|102
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Combined Query
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''4'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
−
|align = "center"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|align = "left" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|2 AND 3
−
|align = "center"|Title and Abstract
+
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|109
−
|align = "center"|Broad ECLA classes of interferon AND melanoma, interferon keywords
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|A61K03819 OR C07K01452 OR A61P03500
+
|align = "center"|6
−
|align = "center"|(IFN<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>IFN OR interferon<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>interferon OR huIFN) AND (Melanoma OR (Skin NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)) OR (Melanocyte<nowiki>*</nowiki> NEAR3 (cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor)))
+
|Combined Query
−
|align = "center"|9
+
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
−
|-
+
|align = "left"|2 AND 4
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''5'''
+
|align = "right"|768
−
|align = "center" colspan = "4"|'''Final query'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|'''1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
−
|align = "center"|587 hits<br>'''232 unique records'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|French Keywords
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Claims, Title, and Abstract
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two OR deux) NEAR4 (nourris OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR puissance OR sortie<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR contrôle<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) NEAR4 (induction OR asynchron<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) NEAR4 (générateur<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR generator<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR dfig or doig)
 +
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|262
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|8
 +
|German Keywords
 +
|Claims, Title, and Abstract
 +
|(((((doppel<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dual OR two OR zwei) ADJ3 (ausgang OR ausgänge OR kontroll<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR gesteuert OR macht OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR gefüttert OR gespeiste<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR (doppeltgefüttert OR doppeltgespeiste<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) NEAR4 (((induktion OR asynchronen) NEAR4 (generator<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR maschine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR (induktion?maschinen OR induktion?generatoren OR asynchronmaschine OR asynchrongenerator))) OR dfig)
 +
|align = "right"|306
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(narrow)
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Full Spec.
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|(((((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3))) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1))) SAME wind) OR (dfig SAME wind))
 +
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1375
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|10
 +
| Top Assignees
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 +
|(vestas* OR (gen* ADJ2 electric*) OR ge OR hitachi OR woodward OR repower OR areva OR gamesa OR ingeteam OR nordex OR siemens OR (abb ADJ2 research) OR (american ADJ2 superconductor*) OR (korea ADJ2 electro*) OR (univ* NEAR3 navarra) OR (wind OR technolog*) OR (wind ADJ2 to ADJ2 power))
 +
|align = "center"|-
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|11
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Combined Query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|2 AND 10
 +
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|690
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|12
 +
|Top Inventors
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 +
|((Andersen NEAR2 Brian) OR (Engelhardt NEAR2 Stephan) OR (Ichinose NEAR2 Masaya) OR (Jorgensen NEAR2 Allan NEAR2 Holm) OR ((Scholte ADJ2 Wassink) NEAR2 Hartmut) OR (OOHARA NEAR2 Shinya) OR (Rivas NEAR2 Gregorio) OR (Erdman NEAR2 William) OR (Feddersen NEAR2 Lorenz) OR (Fortmann NEAR2 Jens) OR (Garcia NEAR2 Jorge NEAR2 Martinez) OR (Gertmar NEAR2 Lars) OR (KROGH NEAR2 Lars) OR (LETAS NEAR2 Heinz NEAR2 Hermann) OR (Lopez NEAR2 Taberna NEAR2 Jesus) OR (Nielsen NEAR2 John) OR (STOEV NEAR2 Alexander) OR (W?ng NEAR2 Haiqing) OR (Yuan NEAR2 Xiaoming))
 +
|align = "center"|-
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|13
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1" |Combined Query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((3 OR 4) AND 10)
 +
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|899
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|14
 +
|Final Query
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 +
|1 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 11 OR 13
 +
|'''2466(1060 INPADOC Families)'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Search in Micropatent MPI-INPADOC - Foreign language search===
+
==Taxonomy==
−
 
+
*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''
−
Micrpatent MPI-INPADOC search bibliographic data for 71 countries and legal status for 42. Only those patents were analyzed which have English title and/or abstract.
+
*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|<mm>[[Doubly_fed_Induction_Generator.mm|Interactive Mind-map|center|flash|Doubly-fed Induction Generator|600pt]]</mm>
 +
|}
  
 +
==Sample Analysis==
 +
A sample of 139 patents from the search is analyzed based on the taxonomy.
 +
Provided a link below for sample spread sheet analysis for doubly-fed induction generators.<br>
 +
===Patent Analysis===
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''S.No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search concept'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" |<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Language'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search Scope'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search reason'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Class Code (IPC, ECLA)'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Dolcera Analysis'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Search query'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''No. of hits'''
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''1'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Problem'''
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Solution'''
−
|align = "center"|'''French'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Title and Abstract
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Specific IPC/ECLA classes of interferon AND melanoma keywords
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100117605%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100117605&RS=DN/20100117605 US20100117605]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|A61K03821 OR C07K014555 OR C07K01456 OR C07K014565 OR C07K01457
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|05/13/10
−
|align = "center"|(mélanome or (Peau NEAR3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)) OR (Mélanocytes Near3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)))
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Woodward
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|4 hits
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Method of and apparatus for operating a double-fed asynchronous machine in the event of transient mains voltage changes
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The short-circuit-like currents in the case of transient mains voltage changes lead to a corresponding air gap torque which loads the drive train and transmission lines can damages or reduces the drive train and power system equipments.
−
|align = "center"|'''German'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The method presents that the stator connecting with the network and the rotor with a converter. The converter is formed to set a reference value of electrical amplitude in the rotor, by which a reference value of the electrical amplitude is set in the rotor after attaining a transient mains voltage change, such that the rotor flux approaches the stator flux.
−
|align = "center"|(Melanom or (Haut NEAR3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)) OR (Melanozyten Near3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)))
+
|-valign="top"
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''2'''
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100045040%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100045040&RS=DN/20100045040 US20100045040]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Interferon for treating Melanoma
+
|align = "center"|02/25/10
−
|align = "center"|'''French'''
+
|Vestas Wind Systems
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Title and Abstract
+
|Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Broad IPC classes of interferon AND melanoma, interferon keywords
+
|The DFIG system has poor damping of oscillations within the flux dynamics due to cross coupling between active and reactive currents, which makes the system potentially unstable under certain circumstances and complicates the work of the rotor current controller. These oscillations can damage the drive train mechanisms.
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|A61K03819 OR C07K01452 OR A61P03500
+
|A compensation block is arranged, which feeds a compensation control output to the rotor of the generator. The computation unit computes the control output during operation of the turbine to compensate partly for dependencies on a rotor angular speed of locations of poles of a generator transfer function, so that the transfer function is made independent of variations in the speed during operation of the turbine which eliminates the oscillations and increases the efficiency of the wind turbine.
−
|align = "center"|(IFN<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>IFN OR Interféron<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>Interféron OR huIFN) AND  (mélanome or (Peau NEAR3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)) OR (Mélanocytes Near3 (Cancer or Carcinome or Tumeur)))
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|25 hits
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090267572%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090267572&RS=DN/20090267572 US20090267572]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|'''German'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|10/29/09
−
|align = "center"|(IFN<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>IFN OR interferon<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR <nowiki>*</nowiki>interferon OR huIFN AND (Melanom or (Haut NEAR3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)) OR (Melanozyten Near3 (Krebs or Karzinom or Krebsgeschwür or Tumor or Geschwulst)))
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Woodward
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Current limitation for a double-fed asynchronous machine
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''3'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Abnormal currents can damage the windings in the doubly- fed induction generator. Controlling these currents with the subordinate current controllers cannot be an efficient way to extract the maximum amount of active power.
−
|align = "center" colspan = "5"|'''Final query'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The method involves delivering or receiving of a maximum permissible reference value of an active power during an operation of a double-fed asynchronous machine, where predetermined active power and reactive power reference values are limited to a calculated maximum permissible active and reactive power reference values, and hence ensures reliable regulated effect and reactive power without affecting the power adjustment, the rotor is electrically connected to a pulse-controlled inverter by slip rings with a static frequency changer, and thus a tension with variable amplitude and frequency is imposed in the rotor.
−
|align = "center"|'''1 OR 2'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|'''29 hits'''
+
|align = "center"|4
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008944%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008944&RS=DN/20090008944 US20090008944]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|01/08/09
 +
|Universidad Publica De Navarra
 +
|Method and system of control of the converter of an electricity generation facility connected to an electricity network in the presence of voltage sags in said network
 +
|Double-fed asynchronous generators are very sensitive to the faults that may arise in the electricity network, such as voltage sags. During the sag conditions the current which appears in said converter may reach very high values, and may even destroy it.
 +
|During the event of a voltage sag occurring, the converter imposes a new set point current which is the result of adding to the previous set point current a new term, called demagnetizing current, It is proportional to a value of free flow of a generator stator. A difference between a value of a magnetic flow in the stator of the generator and a value of a stator flow associated to a direct component of a stator voltage is estimated. A value of a preset calculated difference is multiplied by a factor for producing the demagnetizing current.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7355295.PN.&OS=PN/7355295&RS=PN/7355295 US7355295]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|04/08/08
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Ingeteam Energy
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine having an exciter machine and a power converter not connected to the grid
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|a) The active switching of the semiconductors of the grid side converter injects undesirable high frequency harmonics to the grid.<br>b) The use of power electronic converters (4) connected to the grid (9) causes harmonic distortion of the network voltage.
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Providing the way that power is only delivered to the grid through the stator of the doubly fed induction generator, avoiding undesired harmonic distortion. <br>Grid Flux Orientation (GFO) is used to accurately control the power injected to the grid. An advantage of this control system is that it does not depend on machine parameters, which may vary significantly, and theoretical machine models, avoiding the use of additional adjusting loops and achieving a better power quality fed into the utility grid.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|6
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080203978%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080203978&RS=DN/20080203978 US20080203978]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|08/28/08
 +
|Semikron
 +
|Frequency converter for a double-fed asynchronous generator with variable power output and method for its operation
 +
|Optislip circuit with a resistor is used when speed is above synchronous speed, results in heating the resistor and thus the generator leads to limitation of operation in super synchronous range which results in tower fluctuations.
 +
|Providing a back-to-back converter which contains the inverter circuit has direct current (DC) inputs, DC outputs, and a rotor-rectifier connected to a rotor of a dual feed asynchronous generator. A mains inverter is connected to a power grid, and an intermediate circuit connects one of the DC inputs with the DC outputs. The intermediate circuit has a semiconductor switch between the DC outputs, an intermediate circuit condenser between the DC inputs, and a diode provided between the semiconductor switch and the condenser. Thus the system is allowed for any speed of wind  and reduces the tower fluctuations.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070210651%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070210651&RS=DN/20070210651 US20070210651]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/13/07
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Hitachi
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|During the ground faults, excess currents is induced in the secondary windings and flows into power converter connected to secondary side and may damage the power converter. Conventional methods of increasing the capacity of the power converter increases system cost, degrade the system and takes time to activate the system to supply power again.
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The generator provided with a  excitation power converter connected to secondary windings of a doubly-fed generator via impedance e.g. reactor, and a diode rectifier connected in parallel to the second windings of the doubly-fed generator via another impedance. A direct current link of the rectifier is connected in parallel to a DC link of the converter. A controller  outputs an on-command to a power semiconductor switching element of the converter if a value of current flowing in the power semiconductor switching element is a predetermined value or larger.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|8
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|06/14/07
 +
|General Electric
 +
|System and method of operating double fed induction generators
 +
|Wind turbines with double fed induction generators are sensitive to grid faults. Conventional methods are not effective to reduce the shaft stress during grid faults and slow response and using dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is cost expensive.
 +
|The protection system has a controlled impedance device. Impedance device has bidirectional semiconductors such triac, assembly of thyristors or anti-parallel thyristors. Each of the controlled impedance devices is coupled between a respective phase of a stator winding of a double fed induction generator and a respective phase of a grid side converter. The protection system also includes a controller configured for coupling and decoupling impedance in one or more of the controlled impedance devices in response to changes in utility grid voltage and a utility grid current. High impedance is offered to the grid during network faults to isolate the dual fed wind turbine generator.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060192390%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060192390&RS=DN/20060192390 US20060192390]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/31/06
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Gamesa Innovation
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Control and protection of a doubly-fed induction generator system
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|A short-circuit in the grid causes the generator to feed high stator-currents into the short-circuit and the rotor-currents increase very rapidly which cause damage to the power-electronic components of the converter connecting the rotor windings with the rotor-inverter.
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The converter is provided with a clamping unit which is triggered from a non-operation state to an operation state, during detection of over-current in the rotor windings. The clamping unit comprises passive voltage-dependent resistor element for providing a clamping voltage over the rotor windings when the clamping unit is triggered.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|10
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220050189896%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20050189896&RS=DN/20050189896 US20050189896]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|09/01/05
 +
|ABB Research
 +
|Method for controlling doubly-fed machine
 +
|Controlling the double fed machines on the basis of inverter control to implement the targets set for the machine, this model is extremely complicated and includes numerous parameters that are often to be determined.
 +
|A method is provided to use a standard scalar-controlled frequency converter for machine control. A frequency reference for the inverter with a control circuit, and reactive power reference are set for the machine. A rotor current compensation reference is set based on reactive power reference and reactive power. A scalar-controlled inverter is controlled for producing voltage for the rotor of the machine, based on the set frequency reference and rotor current compensation reference.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
Click '''[[Media:Doublyfed_induction_generator1.xls| here]]''' to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators patent analysis.
  
−
===Search in Japanese database===
+
===Article Analysis===
−
 
+
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
Database: IPDL (Industrial property digital library), Japan
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
−
Date of search: 1900/01/01 to 2011/02/15
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
−
 
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Journal/Conference'''</font>
−
{| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align = "left" width="100%"
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Dolcera Summary'''</font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| '''S.No.'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Issue/Publication date'''</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''F-Term Theme'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1709031&queryText=Study+on+the+Control+of+DFIG+and+Its+Responses+to+Grid+Disturbances&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Study on the Control of DFIG and its Responses to Grid Disturbances ]</u></font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''FI/F-term/Facet '''</center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|01/01/06
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Hits'''</center>
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006. IEEE
−
 
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Presented dynamic model of the DFIG, including mechanical model, generator model, and PWM voltage source converters. Vector control strategies adapted for both the RSC and GSC to control speed and reactive power independently. Control designing methods, such as pole-placement method and the internal model control are used. MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulation.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|2
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1649950&queryText=Application+of+Matrix+Converter+for+Variable+Speed+Wind+Turbine+Driving+an+Doubly+Fed+Induction+Generator&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Application of Matrix Converter for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Driving an Doubly Fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|05/23/06
 +
|Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2006. SPEEDAM 2006.
 +
|A matrix converter is replaced with back to back converter in a variable speed wind turbine using doubly fed induction generator. Stable operation is achieved by stator flux oriented control technique and the system operated in both sub and super synchronous modes, achieved good results.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4778305&queryText=Optimal+Power+Control+Strategy+of+Maximizing+Wind+Energy+Tracking+and+Conversion+for+VSCF+Doubly+Fed+Induction+Generator+System&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+Al Optimal Power Control Strategy of Maximizing Wind Energy Tracking and Conversion for VSCF Doubly Fed Induction Generator System ]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/14/06
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006. IPEMC 2006. CES/IEEE 5th International
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Proposed a new optimal control strategy of maximum wind power extraction strategies and testified by simulation. The control algorithm also used to minimize the losses in the generator. The dual passage excitation control strategy is applied to decouple the active and reactive powers. With this control system, the simulation results show the good robustness and high generator efficiency is achieved.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|4
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:HqaFsMBhchcJ:iris.elf.stuba.sk/JEEEC/data/pdf/3_108-8.pdf+A+TORQUE+TRACKING+CONTROL+ALGORITHM+FOR+DOUBLY–FED+INDUCTION+GENERATOR&hl=enπd=bl&srcid=ADGEESgbHXoAbKe4O7b5DnykDc7h_LaHwCMIhkVrGX_whx4iUuE4Mc-3Rfq1DyW_h A Torque Tracking Control algorithm for Doubly–fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|01/01/08
 +
|Journal of Electrical Engineering
 +
|Proposed a torque tracking control algorithm for Doubly fed induction generator using PI controllers. It is achieved by controlling the rotor currents and using a stator voltage vector reference frame.
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4651578&queryText=Fault+Ride+Through+Capability+Improvement+Of+Wind+Farms+Usind+Doubly+Fed+Induciton+Generator&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement Of Wind Farms Using Doubly Fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/04/08
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2008. UPEC 2008. 43rd International
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|An active diode bridge crowbar switch presented to improve fault ride through capability of DIFG. Showed different parameters related to crowbar such a crowbar resistance, power loss, temperature and time delay for deactivation during fault.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1900/01/01 to 2011/02/15'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>4H045</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>DA15+DA16+DA17+DA18 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1298</center>
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
+
Click '''[[Media:Doublyfed_induction_generators1.xls| here]]''' to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators article analysis.
 
<br>
 
<br>
  
−
 
+
===Top Cited Patents===
−
'''Total patents: 1298 (Relevancy ~10%)'''
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
* '''F-Terms and theme used in search'''
+
−
 
+
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "3"|'''Japanese F-term search'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Definition'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date'''<br>(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sr. No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
−
|align = "center"|'''F- Term theme'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
−
|align = "center"|'''4H045'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Citation Count'''</font>
−
|align = "center"|Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
+
|-valign="top"
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''1'''
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5289041.PN.&OS=PN/5289041&RS=PN/5289041 US5289041]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|F-term
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|02/22/94
−
|align = "center"|DA15
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|US Windpower
−
|align = "center"|Peptide or protein characterised by function - Interferons
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Speed control system for a variable speed wind turbine
−
|-
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|80
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|F-term
+
|align = "center"|2
−
|align = "center"|DA16
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4982147.PN.&OS=PN/4982147&RS=PN/4982147 US4982147]</u></font>
−
|align = "center"|Alpha-interferons
+
|align = "center"|01/01/91
−
|-
+
|Oregon State
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''3'''
+
|Power factor motor control system
−
|align = "center"|F-term
+
|align = "center"|62
−
|align = "center"|DA17
+
|-valign="top"
−
|align = "center"|Beta-interferons
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
−
|-
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5028804.PN.&OS=PN/5028804&RS=PN/5028804 US5028804]</u></font>
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''4'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|07/02/91
−
|align = "center"|F-term
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Oregon State
−
|align = "center"|DA18
+
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Brushless doubly-fed generator control system
−
|align = "center"|Gamma-interferons
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|51
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|4
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5239251.PN.&OS=PN/5239251&RS=PN/5239251 US5239251]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|08/24/93
 +
|Oregon State
 +
|Brushless doubly-fed motor control system
 +
|align = "center"|49
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6856038.PN.&OS=PN/6856038&RS=PN/6856038 US6856038]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|02/15/05
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Vestas Wind Systems
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine having a matrix converter
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|43
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|6
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999029034 WO1999029034]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|06/10/99
 +
|Asea Brown
 +
|A method and a system for speed control of a rotating electrical machine with flux composed of two quantities
 +
|align = "center"|36
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999019963 WO1999019963]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|04/22/99
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Asea Brown
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Rotating electric machine
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|36
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|8
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7015595.PN.&OS=PN/7015595&RS=PN/7015595 US7015595]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|03/21/06
 +
|Vestas Wind Systems
 +
|Variable speed wind turbine having a passive grid side rectifier with scalar power control and dependent pitch control
 +
|align = "center"|34
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4763058.PN.&OS=PN/4763058&RS=PN/4763058 US4763058]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/09/88
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Siemens
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Method and apparatus for determining the flux angle of rotating field machine or for position-oriented operation of the machine
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|32
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|10
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7095131.PN.&OS=PN/7095131&RS=PN/7095131 US7095131]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|08/22/06
 +
|General Electric
 +
|Variable speed wind turbine generator
 +
|align = "center"|25
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
+
===Top Cited Articles===
−
===Scientific Literature Search===
+
−
 
+
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>S.No</b></center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Database</b></center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Query</b></center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date'''</font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Limits by Date</b></center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Journal/Conference'''</font>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>No.Of Hits</b></center>
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Citations Count'''</font>
−
 
+
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=502360 Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed wind-energy generation]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|May. 1996
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|906
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|2
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=999610 Doubly fed induction generator systems for wind turbines]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|May. 2002
 +
|IEEE Industry Applications Magazine
 +
|align = "center"|508
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=1198317 Dynamic modeling of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|May. 2003
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|274
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|4
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1201089 Modeling and control of a wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|Jun. 2003
 +
|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
 +
|align = "center"|271
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/60/30892/01432858.pdf?arnumber=1432858 Ride through of wind turbines with doubly-fed induction generator during a voltage dip]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Jun. 2005
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|246
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|6
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=970114 Dynamic modeling of a wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|July. 2001
 +
|IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2001
 +
|align = "center"|196
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1597345 Modeling of the wind turbine with a doubly fed induction generator for grid integration studies]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Mar. 2006
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|174
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|8
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=543631 A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|Sept. 1996
 +
|IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications
 +
|align = "center"|150
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=1432853 Doubly fed induction generator model for transient stability analysis]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Jun. 2005
 +
|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|106
 +
|-valign="top"
 +
|align = "center"|10
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1677655 Control of a doubly fed induction generator in a wind turbine during grid fault ride-through]</u></font>
 +
|align = "center"|Sept. 2006
 +
|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
 +
|align = "center"|112
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>1</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Pubmed</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>(Melanoma Or carcinoma or cancer* or tumor) And (IFN* OR Interferon)</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>20000101-20110221</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>28402</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>2</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Scirus</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>(Melanoma Or carcinoma or cancer* or tumor) And (IFN* OR Interferon)</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>2000-2011</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>24835</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>3</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Google Scholar</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>(Melanoma Or carcinoma or cancer* or tumor) And (IFN* OR Interferon)</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>2000-2011</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>21100</center>
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==Sample patents==
+
===White Space Analysis===
−
 
+
* White-space analysis provides the technology growth and gaps in the technology where further R&D can be done to gain competitive edge and to carry out incremental innovation.
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
* Dolcera provides White Space Analysis in different  dimensions. Based on Product, Market, Method of Use, Capabilities or Application or Business Area and defines the exact categories within the dimension.
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
* Below table shows a sample representation of white space analysis for controlling DFIG parameters with converters, based on the sample analysis.
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Patent/Publication No'''</center>
+
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="14" width="20%"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Date Of Publication'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''White Space of converters used to control'''</font></center>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Assignee'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Active power'''</font></center>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Title'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Reactive Power'''</font></center>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Abstract'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Decoupled P-Q control'''</font></center>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Problem'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Field oriented control'''</font></center>
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Solution'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Direct torque control'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Speed control'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Frequency Control'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Pitch control'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''PWM Technique'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Low voltage ride through'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Network fault/Grid fault'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Faults'''</font></center>
 +
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Temp control'''</font></center>
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid Side active converters'''</font></center>
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7482014.PN.&OS=PN/7482014&RS=PN/7482014 US7482014B2]</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>01/27/2009</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060028025%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060028025&RS=DN/20060028025 US20060028025A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100148508%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100148508&RS=DN/20100148508 US20100148508A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanoma therapy </center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100133816%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100133816&RS=DN/20100133816 US20100133816A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Methods for treating treatment-naive as well as treatment-experienced patients having melanoma to increase the progression-free survival time involving administering a therapeutically effective amount of pegylated interferon-alpha, e.g., preferably pegylated interferon alpha-2b, as adjuvant therapy to definitive surgery are disclosed.</center>
+
[http://v3.espacenet.com/searchResults?NUM=EP2166226A1&DB=EPODOC&submitted=true&locale=en_V3&ST=number&compact=false EP2166226A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem is with the treatment methods that are employed with previously employed dose regimens for treating Melanoma after definitive surgical removal of the lesions.This led to the occurance of hematologic, neurologic and constitutional toxicities.Subject compliance with the dosage and dosage regimen during both phases is considered to be important to achieve maximum clinical benefit. </center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The higher patience compliance is achieved with the improved methods of treatment of melanoma.A therapeutically effective dose of pegylated interferon alpha for a time period sufficient to increase the progression-free survival time was administered to the patient.The treatment regimen includes a first dose of 6.0 micrograms/kg of PEG.sub.12000 interferon alpha-2b once a week for eight weeks, and then administering to the patient a second dose of 3.0 or less micrograms/kg of PEG.sub.12000 interferon alpha-2b once a week for the remainder of a five year treatment period. </center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
−
 
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100096853%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100096853&RS=DN/20100096853 US20100096853A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100114388%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100114388&RS=DN/20100114388 US20100114388A1]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=2010079234 WO2010079234A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090230689%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090230689&RS=DN/20090230689 US20090230689A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090206606%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090206606&RS=DN/20090206606 US20090206606A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024247%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024247&RS=DN/20070024247 US20070024247A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090206606%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090206606&RS=DN/20090206606 US20090206606A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080129050%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080129050&RS=DN/20080129050 US20080129050A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100156192%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100156192&RS=DN/20100156192 US20100156192A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070182383%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070182383&RS=DN/20070182383 US20070182383A1]
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100002475%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100002475&RS=DN/20100002475 US20100002475A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080296898%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080296898&RS=DN/20080296898 US20080296898A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070273155%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070273155&RS=DN/20070273155 US20070273155A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070278797%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070278797&RS=DN/20070278797 US20070278797A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052244%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052244&RS=DN/20070052244 US20070052244A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024059%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024059&RS=DN/20070024059 US20070024059A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060238929%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060238929&RS=DN/20060238929 US20060238929A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070177314%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070177314&RS=DN/20070177314 US20070177314A1]
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://v3.espacenet.com/searchResults?NUM=EP2166226A1&DB=EPODOC&submitted=true&locale=en_V3&ST=number&compact=false EP2166226A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090121483%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090121483&RS=DN/20090121483 US20090121483A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid side passive converters'''</font></center>
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5997858.PN.&OS=PN/5997858&RS=PN/5997858 US5997858A]</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>12/7/1999</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Pharma Pacific Pty Ltd.</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Stimulation of host defense mechanisms against tumors</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>A method for treating neoplastic disease in a mammal via administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of an interferon via oromucosal contact. The amount of interferon administered is less than an amount which induces a pathological response when administered parenterally.</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem is with the method employed for the treatment of neoplastic diseases.The administration of low doses of interferon as a nasal spray or as an oral liquid formulation in the treatment of the neoplastic diseases is not effective in the previous patents.There is no experimental evidence regarding the administration mode of the interferon,though it was anticipated that administrations through other modes is possible to deliver effectively and treating the same conditions.</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The solution to the problem is solved by first controlled study in an animal model of the efficacy of oromucosally administered interferon for the treatment of neoplastic diseases.The administration is done oromucosally in asingle dose by almost all forms of Interferons .the amount administered is from about 1500 IU to about 20.times.10.sup.6 IU for a 70 kg man per day.This amount is less than the amount that induces a pathological response in the mammal when administered parenterally.</center>
+
|
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Rotor side converter'''</font></center>
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19881026&CC=EP&NR=0288055A1&KC=A1 EP288055A1]</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100142237%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100142237&RS=DN/20100142237 US20100142237A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>10/26/1988</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>MERRELL DOW PHARMACEUTICALS INC.</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060028025%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060028025&RS=DN/20060028025 US20060028025A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Use of ODC inhibitors, dacarbazine, and interferon, in the treatment of malignant melanoma </center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100096853%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100096853&RS=DN/20100096853 US20100096853A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>This invention relates to the improvement of the polyamine depletion effects of ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors, the improvement being effected by the use of Interferon and Dacarbazine in conjunctive therapy with said inhibitors.</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100148508%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100148508&RS=DN/20100148508 US20100148508A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem in this patent is associated with the methods and drugs that are used for treating the pathological disease conditions such as cancer.Polyamines mechanism is not known and there are some evidences that ODC inhibitors may exert their therapeutic effect by blocking the formation of the polyamines and thereby slowing, interrupting, or arresting the proliferation and metastases of the tumor tissue. So certain methods are explored to find out the same kind of effect on treating cancers.</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100133816%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100133816&RS=DN/20100133816 US20100133816A1]
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| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The solution was found to be the improved methods in treating the cancer with the use of Interferon and Dacarbazine when these disease states are treated with irreversible inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase.This includes a pharmaceutical product containing an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, Interferon and Dacarbazine as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in treating rapidly-proliferating cell-growth disease states. Even the methods for the formulation are disussed in this patent.</center>
+
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248A1]
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[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
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|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100114388%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100114388&RS=DN/20100114388 US20100114388A1]
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| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=2010079234 WO2010079234A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090230689%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090230689&RS=DN/20090230689 US20090230689A1]
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[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024247%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024247&RS=DN/20070024247 US20070024247A1]
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| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080129050%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080129050&RS=DN/20080129050 US20080129050A1]
 +
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070182383%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070182383&RS=DN/20070182383 US20070182383A1]
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| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100002475%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100002475&RS=DN/20100002475 US20100002475A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080296898%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080296898&RS=DN/20080296898 US20080296898A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070273155%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070273155&RS=DN/20070273155 US20070273155A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070278797%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070278797&RS=DN/20070278797 US20070278797A1]
 +
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080157533%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080157533&RS=DN/20080157533 US20080157533A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052244%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052244&RS=DN/20070052244 US20070052244A1]
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[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024059%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024059&RS=DN/20070024059 US20070024059A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060238929%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060238929&RS=DN/20060238929 US20060238929A1]
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| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090273185%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090273185&RS=DN/20090273185 US20090273185A1]
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[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070177314%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070177314&RS=DN/20070177314 US20070177314A1]
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|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090121483%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090121483&RS=DN/20090121483 US20090121483A1]
 +
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 
|-
 
|-
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
+
| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Matrix converters'''</font></center>
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19871014&CC=EP&NR=0241242A1&KC=A1 EP241242A1]</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>10/14/1987</center>
+
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220020079706%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020079706&RS=DN/20020079706 US20020079706A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>CETUS ONCOLOGY CORPORATION</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The use of interferon-beta and interleukin-2 for combination therapy and compositions therefor </center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070216164%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070216164&RS=DN/20070216164 US20070216164A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Anti-tumor activity in humans can be augmented by administering to the human patient and effective amount of IFN-&#946; and IL-2 in combination. The composition of IFN-&#946; and IL-2 may be prepared invitro or administered separately to the patient. The composition is useful for prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of such cancers as melanoma, colon cancer lung cancer and breast cancer.</center>
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090265040%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090265040&RS=DN/20090265040 US20090265040A1]
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem in this patent is about the use of interferons seperately in treating the cancers.When administered seperately they were found to induce a response that was good.So an approach was thought of where the combination therapy was given to produce better results.</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The concern of the prior art was addressed with the successful administration of a combination therapy with Interferon beta and interleukin-2 as an anti-tumor therapeutic or prophylactic agent. It was made suitable for administration to human patients for therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of cancer comprising formulating together, whether by mixing or providing separate doses.The administration is done parenterally.</center>
+
|
−
 
+
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070216164%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070216164&RS=DN/20070216164 US20070216164A1]
−
|-
+
|
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100086518%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100086518&RS=DN/20100086518 US20100086518] </center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>4/8/2010</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>NOVARTIS AG</center>
+
|
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Treatment of melanoma</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Methods of treating melanoma include administering a compound of Structure I, a tautomer of the compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or the tautomer, or a mixture thereof to a subject. The compound, tautomer, salt of the compound, salt of the tautomer, or mixture thereof may be used to prepare medicaments for treating metastatic cancer. The variable A has the values defined herein.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem is that though there are many methods of treating cancer , still there is a need for the advancements in the technologies to be adopted to arrive at better results.The compounds such as quinoline derivatives were used and were disclosed in the prior art for the treatment of Melanoma.The compounds that were used previously were found to be associated with the side effects.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center><nowiki>The solution was found to be finding of compounds that can effectively administered for treating Melanoma.It relates to the use of compounds such as 4-amino-5-fluoro-3-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]quino- lin-2(1H)-one and tautomers, salts, and mixtures thereof in treating melanoma and preparing medicaments for treating melanoma. The therapeutically effective amount of the compound can range from about 0.25 mg/kg to about 30 mg/kg body weight of the subject.</nowiki></center>
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''6'''</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4846782.PN.&OS=PN/4846782&RS=PN/4846782 US4846782] </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>7/11/1989</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Treatment of cancer with interferon and radiotherapy </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Radiation sensitive human cancers are treated with combined interferon and radiation therapy.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Radiation therapy emerged some years back for the treatment of cancers.It was observed that the results are good.But there was a need felt to effectively increase the efficacy of radiation treatment.So to develop radiation sensitizers or potentiators which enable the radiation to cause increased tumor destruction. Despite numerous laboratory and clinical studies, no single agent has, to date, emerged as the optimal radiation sensitizer. </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The problem could be addressed by an effective treatment means using administering subcutaneously to such patients between 2.0.times.10.sup.6 IU/m.sup.2 and 5.0.times.10.sup.6 IU/m.sup.2 of recombinant DNA-alpha-2-interferon .This is done three days a week at a time on those days prior to radiation therapy.The doses are from 15 to 35 Gy are administered five days a week including those days on which interferon is administered.</center>
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''7'''</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5824300.PN.&OS=PN/5824300&RS=PN/5824300 US5824300] </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>10/20/1998</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The Texas A&M University System</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Treatment of neoplastic disease with oral interferon </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Neoplastic diseases are treated by the administration of human interferon, particularly IFN-&#945;, at a dosage of from about 0.01 to about 5 IU/lb./day such that the interferon is held in contact with the patient's oral and pharyngeal mucosae. The interferon is administered in a solid dosage from, e.g., a saliva-dissolvable lozenge.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Though the research is intensive in the field of interferons,there exists a substantial lack of uniformity in such matters as classification of interferon types. There are also numerous, sometimes contradictory, theories concerning the mode of action of interferon in producing clinical effects.It became apparent that exogenous interferon was sometimes capable of effecting regression or remission of various metastatic diseases. so different studies are conducted to know the clinical agent of choice for the prevention of cancers.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The present invention is based on applicant's discovery that interferon can be used as a consistently effective therapeutic agent for treatment of diseases having an immunopathologic basis--characterized by inadequate immune response and persistence of the disease.The interferon is administered in an amount of about 0.01 to about 5 IU/lb of patient body weight per day. Multiple dose daily regimen is given to the patients.They aid in the better treatment of cancers.</center>
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''8'''</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220020107184%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020107184&RS=DN/20020107184 US20020107184]</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>8/8/2002</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>None</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>METHOD FOR TREATING MELANOMA </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The present invention discloses a method for treating patients having melanoma or melanoma associated symptoms by parenterally administering Product R, a peptide-nucleic acid preparation.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Melanomas are usually treated by surgical excision, while patients with thick melanomas and those with regional or distant metastasis may benefit from other forms of therapy.Cytokines have been tested in the treatment of different skin cancers during the last decade, and treatment schedules have been established or proposed for several malignant skin tumors. Preferentially, the interferons and interleukin-2 were found to be effective in treating skin cancers including melanoma.But they were needed to be checked in combination with other products as they were anticipated to yield better results.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The new method of treatment using the product R in combination with interferons not only sounded effectively but also proved to be an effective means .The administration is done in an sterile injectible form.</center>
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''9'''</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4762705.PN.&OS=PN/4762705&RS=PN/4762705 US4762705] </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>8/9/1988</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schwimmer, Adolf W. | Schwartz, Irwin Steven | Rubin, David</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Cancer therapy with interferon </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The effectiveness of interferon for treatment against cancer may be increased by first administering an agent for inhibiting tyrosinase. In this manner the tyrosinase which is known to be produced by malignancies, and which may cause inactivation of the interferon, will be substantially inactivated prior to the interferon administration.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Some of the the prior art patents doesn't trust on the use of interferons for treating all types of malignancies.The reason being the interferons are easily denatured in the enzymatic processes.So attempts were made out initially to find out the reasons for the denaturation even at high doses.Efforts were made to improve methods of cancer therapy using interferon.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The solution has come out in the form of improved treatment method for treating cancer by the efforts of the present inventor.As the reason for the denaturation was found to be tyrosinase,attempts were made seriously to supress this tyrosinase.A composition was made finally with D-penicillamine that can suppress tyrosinase.</center>
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''10'''</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5190751.PN.&OS=PN/5190751&RS=PN/5190751 US5190751] </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>3/2/1993</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Treatment of certain leukemias with a combination of gamma interferon and alpha interferon </center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Human leukemia T-cells and B-cells are inhibited from proliferating by treatment with a combination of recombinant human alpha and gamma interferons, either simultaneously or sequentially, and the alpha interferon is preferably recombinant human alfa-2b interferon.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The patent in the prior art posed a lot of problems with the use of gamma interferons alone in terms of the purity as the preparations previously were found to be contaminated.When used singly for the treatment of lekimias they were found to yield ineffective results.</center>
+
−
| style=";padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The solution was found to administer alpha and gamma interferons for the treatment of leukemias.It could inhibit the proliferation of susceptible leukemia cells with a cell proliferation inhibiting amount of a combination of both of the interferons.They are adminstered sequentially and simultaneously too to give good results.</center>
+
−
 
+
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==Taxonomy==
+
== Dolcera Dashboard ==
−
 
+
[[Image:dashboard_features.png|center|750px|]]
−
[[Image:taxonomy melanoma mod1.jpg|700px|center|thumb| '''Taxonomy''']]
+
−
 
+
−
== Sample Analysis==
+
−
* '''Patents:''' The above sample patents were analysed according to the taxonomy.
+
−
[[Media:Sample analysis of Treating of melanoma.xls| '''Click here to download Sample analysis sheet on Interferon for treatment of Melanomas''']]
+
−
 
+
−
* '''Scientific Literature:'''* [[Media:Article Analysis Of Melanoma.xls |'''Click here to download Melanoma Treatment Using IFN: sample articles]]
+
−
 
+
−
==Patent Ranking==
+
−
10 Sample Patents were ranked according to the patent focus.
+
−
*Patent Ranking Details
+
−
1 : Granted Patent & Focus in Independent Claim <br>
+
−
2 : Granted Patent & Focus in Dependent Claim <br>
+
−
3 : Published Patent & Focus in independent Claim <br>
+
−
4 : Published Patent & Focus in Dependent claim <br>
+
  
 +
'''Dashboard Link'''<br>
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>S.No</b></center>
+
|'''[https://www.dolcera.com/auth/dashboard/dashboard.php?workfile_id=825 Doubly Fed Induction Generator - Dashboard] '''
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Patent</b></center>
+
|width="100"|[[Image:dashboard_thumb.png|center|100px|]]
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Type</b></center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>Patent Ranking</b></center>
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>1</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US7482014B2</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Independent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>2</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US5997858A</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Independent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>3</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>EP288055A1</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Independent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>4</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>EP241242A1</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Dependent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>2</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>5</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US20100086518 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Published And Dependent</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>4</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>6</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US4846782 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Dependent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>2</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>7</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US5824300 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Dependent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>2</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>8</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US20020107184</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Published And Independent</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>3</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>9</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US4762705 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Independent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><b>10</b></center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>US5190751 </center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Granted And Independent Claim</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1</center>
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
 +
*Flash Player is essential to view the Dolcera dashboard
  
−
==Clinical Trials==
+
==Key Findings==
−
*'''Database:''' [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ '''Clinical trials''']
+
=== Major Players ===
−
*'''Searched on:''' Feb 25th, 2011
+
* [http://www.vestas.com/ Vestas Wind Energy Systems] and [http://www.ge.com/ General Electric] are the major players in wind energy generation technology.
−
+
[[Image:Wind_Major_Players.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Major Players''']]
−
*[[Media:clinical trials treatment of melanoma.xls |'''Please click here to download the clinical trial excel sheet''']]
+
  
−
==IP Activity Graphs Of Sample Patents==
+
=== Key Patents ===
−
===IP activity based on priority years===
+
* The key patents in the field are held by [http://www.windpoweringamerica.gov/wind_installed_capacity.asp US Windpower], [http://www.oregon.gov/ENERGY/RENEW/Wind/windhome.shtml Oregon State] and [http://www.vestas.com/ Vestas Wind Energy Systems].
  
−
* Total of 10 Sample patents(basic patent number) were taken into consideration for the IP activity based on priority years.
+
[[Image:wind_top_cited.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Key Patents''']]
−
[[Image:IP act PS priority year Treatment Of Melanoma1.jpg|center|thumb|800 px| IP activity based on priority years]]
+
  
−
===IP activity based on publication years===
+
=== IP Activity ===
 +
* Patenting activity has seen a very high growth rate in the last two years.
 +
[[Image:ind_pat_act_3.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Year wise IP Activity''']]
  
−
* Total of 10 Sample patents(basic patent number) were taken into consideration for the IP activity based on publication years.
+
=== Geographical Activity ===
−
[[Image:IP act PS publication year Treatment Of Melanoma1.jpg|center|thumb|800 px| IP activity based on publication years]]
+
* USA, China, Germany, Spain, and India are very active in wind energy research.
 +
[[Image:wind_geographical_act.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Geographical Activity''']]
  
 +
=== Research Trend ===
 +
* Around 86% patents are on controlling the doubly-fed induction generation(DFIG) which indicates high research activity going on in rating and controlling of the DFIG systems.
  
−
===Geographical Distribution based on family members===
+
=== Issues in the Technology ===
 +
* 86% of the patent on DFIG operation are focusing on grid connected mode of operation, suggesting continuous operation of the DFIG system during weak and storm winds, grid voltage sags, and grid faults are major issues in the current scenario.
  
−
* The geographical distribution is based on 10 sample  patent numbers along with all their family members.
+
[[Image:Windenergyanalysis.jpg|center|1200px|thumb|'''Problem Solution Mapping''']]
−
[[Image:Geographical Distribution based on Family members Melanoma 1.jpg|center|thumb|500 px| Geographical Distribution based on Family members Melanoma]]
+
  
−
==Market Report==
+
=== Emerging Player ===
−
===Interferon types & Their Compositions===
+
* [http://www.woodward.com/ Woodward] is a new and fast developing player in the field of DFIG technology. The company filed 10 patent applications in the field in year 2010, while it has no prior IP activity.
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Generic Name'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Brand Name'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Company Name'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Composition'''</center>
+
  
 +
=<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>=
 +
<p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
 +
'''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" "
 +
|style="background:lightgrey" align = "center"  colspan = "3"|'''[mailto:info@dolcera.com <span style="color:#0047AB">Buy the customized report from Dolcera</span>]'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
+
| align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services Patent Analytics Services]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Alpha IFN</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/business-research-services Market Research Services]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Intron®,Roferon®-A</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools/patent-dashboard Purchase Patent Dashboard]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
+
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Active Ingredient-Interferon alfa-2aInactive Ingredients- sodium chloride, ammonium acetate, polysorbate 80, glycine, sodium phosphate dibasic,sodium phosphate monobasic, human albumin, preservative: benzyl alcohol.</center>
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Landscape Services]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Beta IFN</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/research-processes Dolcera Processes]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Avonex</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/industries Industry Focus]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Biogen IDEC</center>
+
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Active Ingredient-Beta interferon,Inactive Ingredients-65 to 90 wt % of polyol,and a p-hydroxybenzoate,carboxymethyl cellulose,human serum albumin</center>
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Search Services]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Gamma IFN</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/alerts-and-updates Patent Alerting Services]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Actimmune®</center>
+
|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools Dolcera Tools]
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Intermune</center>
+
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Active Ingredient-interferon gamma-1b.,Inactive Ingredients-Polyethylene Glycol,dextran ,hydroxyethylstarch </center>
+
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Pegylated IFN</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Peg Intron</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering-Plough</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Active ingredient-peginterferon alfa-2b,Inactive ingredients: dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, monobasicsodium phosphate dihydrate, sucrose, polysorbate 80.</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Recombinant IFN</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>(Rebetron®, Rebetol®).</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Active Ingredient-Ribavirin,Inactive Ingredients-microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium,sodium phosphate dibasic and sodium phosphate dibasic and sodium phosphate monobasic as buffering agents;human albumin as a stabilizer.</center>
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
+
<br>
−
===Interferon Types & Description Of Products===
+
=References =
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
|-valign="top"
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Company Name'''</center>
+
|'''Background References'''
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Product'''</center>
+
# [http://www.brighthub.com/environment/renewable-energy/articles/71440.aspx Wind Energy History]
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Description'''</center>
+
# [[Media:windenergy.pdf| Wind Energy]]
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Source'''</center>
+
# [http://windeis.anl.gov/guide/basics/index.cfm Wind Energy Basics]
 +
# [http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/wind_how.html#inside How Wind Turbines Work]
 +
# [http://www.windpowertv.com/forum/index.php?topic=18.0 Different types of wind turbines]
 +
# [http://www.house-energy.com/Wind/Offshore-Onshore.htm Onshore Vs Offshore Wind Turbines]
 +
# [http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01335/wind%20Power.htm Wind Power]
 +
# [http://www.ehow.com/list_5938067_types-wind-farms-there_.html Types of Wind Farms]
 +
# [http://www.offshorewindenergy.org/ca-owee/indexpages/Offshore_technology.php?file=offtech_p2.php Offshore Technology]
 +
# [http://windsine.org/?act=spage&f=wind The Fundamentals of Wind Energy]
 +
# [http://windertower.com/ Winder Tower]
 +
# [http://www.thesolarguide.com/wind-power/wind-towers.aspx Wind Towers]
 +
# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/design/concepts.htm Wind Turbine Blades]
 +
# [http://www.wind-energy-the-facts.org/en/part-i-technology/chapter-3-wind-turbine-technology/evolution-of-commercial-wind-turbine-technology/design-styles.html Wind Turbine Design Styles]
 +
# [http://www.awewind.com/Products/TurbineConstruction/MainAssembly/RotorHub/tabid/81/Default.aspx Rotor Hub Assembly]
 +
# [http://www.gears-gearbox.com/wind-turbines.html Gearbox for Wind Turbines]
 +
# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/wtrb/yaw.htm The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism]
 +
# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/wtrb/yaw.htm The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism]
 +
# [[Media:windturbinegenerators.pdf| Wind Turbine Generators]]
 +
# [http://www.uni-hildesheim.de/~irwin/inside_wind_turbines.html Inside wind turbines]
 +
|'''Image References'''
 +
# [http://www.windsimulators.co.uk/DFIG.htm DFIG Working Principle]
 +
# [http://www.wwindea.org/home/index.php  Country share of total capacity]
 +
# [http://www.atlantissolar.com/wind_story.html Wind turbine principle]
 +
# [http://www.windturbinesnow.com/horizontalaxis-windturbines.htm Horizontal axis wind turbine]
 +
# [http://www.solarpowerwindenergy.org/2009/12/25/types-of-wind-turbines/ Vertical axis wind turbine]
 +
# [http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/8189 Pitch control]
 +
# [http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/8189 Yaw control]
 +
# [http://www.eco-trees.org/europes-biggest-onshore-wind-farm-goes-online/ Onshore Wind turbines]
 +
# [http://www.house-energy.com/Wind/Offshore-Onshore.htm Offshore wind turbines]
 +
# [http://www.solarpowerwindenergy.org/2010/04/02/parts-of-a-wind-turbine/ Wind turbine parts]
 +
# [http://www.windsolarenergy.org/map-of-best-locations-for-wind-power.htm Tower height Vs Power output]
 +
# [http://americanrenewableenergycorp.com/towers Tubular tower]
 +
# [http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2010/03/wind-power-stats-quiet-critics/ Lattice tower]
 +
# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Guy tower]
 +
# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Tiltup tower]
 +
# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Free stand tower]
 +
# [http://www.wind-energy-the-facts.org/en/part-i-technology/chapter-3-wind-turbine-technology/evolution-of-commercial-wind-turbine-technology/design-styles.html Single blade turbine]
 +
# [http://www.trendir.com/green/?start=15 Two blade turbine]
 +
# [http://www.china-windturbine.com/wind-turbines-blades.htm Three blade turbine]
 +
# [http://windturbinesforthehome.com/ Internal nacelle structure]
 +
# [http://syigroup.en.made-in-china.com/product/dbTQyzJOHYRi/China-Iron-Casting-Wind-Mill-Tower-Rotor-Hub.html Rotor hub]
 +
# [http://jiangyinzkforging.en.made-in-china.com/product/hewxIQjbgTpr/China-Wind-Turbine-Shaft-For-Wind-Power-Generator-ALIM2143-.html Shaft system]
 +
# [http://machinedesign.com/article/green-technology-inside-an-advanced-wind-turbine-0605 Gear box]
 +
# [http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/wind_how.html Anemometer & Wind vane]
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Intron®,Roferon®-A</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Intron A is an interferon, a group of naturally occurring proteins that were first discovered as a result of their ability to prevent viral replication. Intron A is marketed in 72 countries worldwide for as many as 16 indications.In the United States it has been cleared for use by the FDA for chronic viral hepatitis B, chronic viral hepatitis C, malignant melanoma, hairy cell leukemia, AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma and condylomata acuminata (venereal warts).INTRON A recombinant for Injection has been classified as an alpha interfero nand is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon alfa- 2b gene from human leukocytes. The fermentation is carried out in a defined nutrient medium containing the antibiotic tetracycline hydrochloride at a concentration of 5 to 10 mg/L; the presence of this antibiotic is not detectable in the final product. The specific activity of interferon alfa-2b, recombinant is approximately 2.6 x 108 IU/mg protein as measured by the HPLC assay.</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.introna.com/maintenance.html http://www.introna.com/maintenance.html]</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Biogen IDEC</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Avonex</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Avonex, manufactured by Biogen, is a form of beta interferon (interferon beta, IFN-b) used to modify the course of multiple sclerosis. While not a cure, Avonex has been shown in clinical trials to reduce the average relapse rate in people with the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis form of the disease. It is identical to the naturally occurring protein found in the human body. It is manufactured by extracting the drug from Chinese hamster ovary cells. Avonex is the same substance as Rebif but administered differently (30 mcg, intra-muscularly, once a week as against 22 mcg or 44 mcg, sub-cutaneously, 3 times a week for Rebif). Avonex is usually given in the large muscles of the thigh, upper arm, or hip.</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/Avonex.html http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/Avonex.html]</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Intermune</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Actimmune®</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Actimmune(R) is a synthesized version of interferon gamma, a naturally occurring protein believed to stimulate the immune system. InterMune markets Actimmune(R) for the treatment of two life-threatening congenital diseases: chronic granulomatous disease and severe, malignant osteopetrosis. The most common side effects are flu-like symptoms, including headache, fatigue, fever, chills, and rash. InterMune was granted two composition-of-matter patents related to interferon gamma-1b in the United States, extending its patent protection until 2022.</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.actimmune.com/ http://www.actimmune.com/]</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''4'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering-Plough</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Peg Intron</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Peg-Intron (peginterferon alfa-2b) Powder for Injection has been approved by the FDA.Peg-Intron is a longer-acting formulation of Schering-Plough's Intron A, which is a recombinant version of a naturally occurring alpha interferon. In contrast to Intron A, which is administered three times weekly, Peg-Intron is administered subcutaneously once a week. This reduced frequency of administration may increase patient compliance.</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.pegintron.com/index.html http://www.pegintron.com/index.html]</center>
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Schering Corporation</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>(Rebetron®, Rebetol®).</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>REBETOL is a medicine used with either interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) or peginterferon alfa-2b (PegIntron) to treat chronic (lasting a long time) hepatitis C infection in people 3 years and older with liver disease.REBETOL Capsules consist of a white powder in a white, opaque, gelatin capsule. Each capsule contains 200 mg ribavirin and the inactive ingredients microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate. The capsule shell consists of gelatin, sodium lauryl sulfate, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide. The capsule is printed with edible blue pharmaceutical ink which is made of shellac, anhydrous ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, ammonium hydroxide, and FD&C Blue #2 aluminum lake.</center>
 
−
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.merck.com/product/home.html http://www.merck.com/product/home.html]</center>
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
=Contact Dolcera=
  
−
===Global Revenue Data Of products===
+
{| style="border:1px solid #AAA; background:#E9E9E9" align="center"
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff" rowspan = "2"|'''S.No'''
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff" rowspan = "2"|''' Generic Name'''
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff" rowspan = "2"|''' Brand Name'''
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff" rowspan = "2"|''' Company'''
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff" colspan = "3"|''' Global revenue ($ Million )'''
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''2008'''
+
! style="background:lightgrey" | Samir Raiyani
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''2009'''
+
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''2010'''
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''1'''
+
| '''Email''': [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com]
−
| Alpha IFN
+
−
| Intron®,Roferon®-A
+
−
|Schering Corporation
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|align = "right"| 38.4 2
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''2'''
+
| '''Phone''': +1-650-269-7952
−
| Beta IFN
+
−
| Avonex
+
−
|Biogen IDEC
+
−
|align = "right"|2518.4
+
−
|align = "right"|2322.9
+
−
|align = "right"| 2202.6 3
+
−
|-
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''3'''
+
−
| Gamma IFN
+
−
| Actimmune®
+
−
| Intermune
+
−
|align = "right"|29880
+
−
|align = "right"| 25428 4
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|-
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''4'''
+
−
| Pegylated IFN
+
−
| Peg Intron
+
−
| Schering-Plough
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|align = "right"| 148.7 5
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|-
+
−
|bgcolor = "#99ccff"|'''5'''
+
−
| Recombinant IFN
+
−
|Rebetron®, Rebetol®
+
−
| Schering Corporation
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|align = "right"|36.1
+
−
|align = "right"|
+
−
|-
+
−
|}
+
−
 
+
−
==Biosimilars Of Interferons==
+
−
 
+
−
Biosimilar interferons are the major drug class in the recombinant non-glycosylated proteins market due to their extensive use in the treatment of various genetic and environmental disorders. The overall biosimilar market for interferons is categorized into the submarkets for alpha, beta, and gamma interferons, all of which are used extensively in the treatment of various conditions such as lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, and multiple sclerosis.
+
−
 
+
−
While the interferon market growth may be inhibited by the side effects of each of its three drug categories, the market presents many opportunities to new entrants as only a few players currently operate in this relatively unfragmented market.
+
−
 
+
−
The global recombinant interferon market stood at $75.3 million in 2008 and is expected to reach $3.9 billion by 2014 at a CAGR of 82.9% from 2009 to 2014. The American biosimilar interferons market is expected to attain a market worth $1.5 billion by 2014 at a CAGR of 91.5%.[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0198-669040/4-Biosimilar-products.html Biosimilars ; Global Market]
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''S.No'''</center>
+
−
| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Product'''</center>
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Global market For Biosimilars'''</center>
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interferon Alfa</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The global market for biosimilar interferon Alfa was $36.7 million in 2008 and is expected to reach $1.5 billion in 2014 at a CAGR of 76.5% from 2009 to 2014. While Asian market for biosimilar Alfa interferons commanded the highest share in 2008 with $17.5 million, the American market is expected to have the highest CAGR of 88.3% from 2009 to 2014.The world's top two branded Interferon products generated sales of $1,510 million and $910 million each in 2008. The blockbuster sales of innovative Interferon Alfa products thus present encouragement for biosimilar Interferon Alfa manufacturers[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0198-669040/4-Biosimilar-products.html data].</center>
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interferon beta</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The global biosimilar interferon beta-1a market is estimated to grow from $36.3 million in 2008 to $2.2 billion by 2014 at a CAGR of 87.8% from 2009 to 2014. However, the U.S. and Europe sales of branded interferon-betas are expected to fall from $4.6 billion in 2010 to $2.4 billion in 2017. The soaring cost of clinical development, the conservative prescribing habits of neurologists, and the expected decline in the use of interferon-betas may induce biosimilar developers to explore other classes of biologics to invest their R&D funds[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0198-669040/4-Biosimilar-products.html data].</center>
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| style="background-color:#99ccff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Interferon gamma</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>The global biosimilar interferon gamma market was $2.2 million 2008 and is expected to reach $141.5 million in 2014 at a CAGR of 94.2% from 2009 to 2014. While the Asian market accounted for the highest share of $0.5 million in 2008, the American market is expected to have the highest CAGR of 107.6% from 2009 to 2014[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0198-669040/4-Biosimilar-products.html data].</center>
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Latest revision as of 01:54, 27 July 2015

This report presents a brief introduction to wind energy and technologies available for horizontal wind turbines. A detailed taxonomy for horizontal axis wind turbines is presented covering parts of the turbine, control systems, applications among others. A detailed landscape analysis of patent and non-patent literature is done with a focus on Doubly-fed Induction Generators (DFIG) used in the horizontal axis wind turbines for efficient power generation. The product information of major players in the market is also captured for Doubly-fed Induction Generators. The final section of the report covers the existing and future market predictions for wind energy-based power generation.

Process Flow


Introduction

  • We have been using wind power at least since 5000 BC to propel sailboats and sailing ships, and architects have used wind-driven natural ventilation in buildings since similarly ancient times. The use of wind to provide mechanical power came later.
  • Harnessing renewable alternative energy is the ideal way to tackle the energy crisis, with due consideration given to environmental pollution, that looms large over the world.
  • Renewable energy is also called "clean energy" or "green power" because it doesn’t pollute the air or the water. Wind energy is one such renewable energy source that harnesses natural wind power.

Read More?

Click on Wind Energy Background to read more about wind energy.

In order to overcome the problems associated with fixed speed wind turbine system and to maximize the wind energy capture, many new wind farms are employing variable speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS) with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). It is the most popular and widely used scheme for the wind generators due to its advantages.

For variable-speed systems with limited variable-speed range, e.g. ±30% of synchronous speed, the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) can be an interesting solution. This is mainly due to the fact that the power electronic converter only has to handle a fraction (20-30%) of the total power as the converters are connected to the rotor and not to the stator. Therefore, the losses in the power electronic converter can be reduced, compared to a system where the converter has to handle the total power. The overall structure of wind power generation through DFIG as shown in the figure below.

Market Research

The History of Wind Energy

To read about the History of Wind Energy, click here

Global Wind Energy Market

Market Overview

  • In the year 2010, the wind capacity reached worldwide 196’630 Megawatt, after 159’050 MW in 2009, 120’903 MW in 2008, and 93’930 MW in 2007.
Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010
  • Wind power showed a growth rate of 23.6 %, the lowest growth since 2004 and the second lowest growth of the past decade.
  • For the first time in more than two decades, the market for new wind turbines was smaller than in the previous year and reached an overall size of 37’642 MW, after 38'312 MW in 2009.
Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010
  • All wind turbines installed by the end of 2010 worldwide can generate 430 Tera watt hours per annum, more than the total electricity demand of the United Kingdom, the sixth largest economy of the world, and equaling 2.5 % of the global electricity consumption.
  • In the year 2010, altogether 83 countries, one more than in 2009, used wind energy for electricity generation. 52 countries increased their total installed capacity, after 49 in the previous year.
  • The turnover of the wind sector worldwide reached 40 billion Euros (55 billion US$) in 2010, after 50 billion Euros (70 billion US$) in the year 2009. The decrease is due to lower prices for wind turbines and a shift towards China.
  • China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added 18’928 Megawatt within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
  • The wind sector in 2010 employed 670’000 persons worldwide.
  • Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.
  • WWEA sees a global capacity of 600’000 Megawatt as possible by the year 2015 and more than 1’500’000 Megawatt by the year 2020.

Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010

Global Market Forecast

  • Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010, provides forecast under three different scenarios - Reference, Moderate and Advanced.
  • The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 572,733 MW by the year 2030, under the Reference Scenario
  • The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 1,777,550 MW by the year 2030, under the Moderate Scenario
  • The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 2,341,984 MW by the year 2030, under the Advanced Scenario
  • The following chart shows the Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast,under the different scenarios:
Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast, Source: Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010


Source: Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010

Market Growth Rates

  • The growth rate is the relation between the new installed wind power capacity and the installed capacity of the previous year.
  • With 23.6 %, the year 2010 showed the second lowest growth rate of the last decade.
World Market Growth Rates, Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010
  • Before 2010, the annual growth rate had continued to increase since the year 2004, peaking in 2009 at 31.7%, the highest rate since 2001.
  • The highest growth rates of the year 2010 by country can be found in Romania, which increased its capacity by 40 times.
  • The second country with a growth rate of more than 100 % was Bulgaria (112%).
  • In the year 2009, four major wind markets had more than doubled their wind capacity: China, Mexico, Turkey, and Morocco.
  • Next to China, strong growth could be found mainly in Eastern European and South Eastern European countries: Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Croatia and Cyprus, and Belgium.
  • Africa (with the exception of Egypt and Morocco) and Latin America (with the exception of Brazil), are again lagging behind the rest of the world in the commercial use of wind power.
  • The Top 10 countries by Growth Rate are shown in the figure listed below (only markets bigger than 200 MW have been considered):
Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010

Geographical Market Distribution

  • China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added 18'928 Megawatt within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
  • Major decrease in new installations can be observed in North America and the USA lost its number one position in total capacity to China.
  • Many Western European countries are showing stagnation, whereas there is strong growth in a number of Eastern European countries.
  • Germany keeps its number one position in Europe with 27'215 Megawatt, followed by Spain with 20'676 Megawatt.
  • The highest shares of wind power can be found in three European countries: Denmark (21.0%), Portugal (18.0 %) and Spain (16.0%).
  • Asia accounted for the largest share of new installations (54.6%), followed by Europe (27.0%) and North America (16.7 %).
  • Latin America (1.2%) and Africa (0.4%) still played only a marginal role in new installations.
  • Africa: North Africa represents still lion share of installed capacity, wind energy plays hardly a role yet in Sub-Sahara Africa.
  • Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.

Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010

The regional breakdowns for the period 2009-2030 has been provided for the following three scenarios:

  1. Regional Breakdown: Reference scenario (GWEO 2010)
  2. Regional Breakdown: Moderate scenario (GWEO 2010)
  3. Regional Breakdown: Advanced scenario (GWEO 2010)

Note: To know more about the Forecast Scenarios click here

Country-wise Market Distribution

  • In 2010, the Chinese wind market represented more than half of the world market for new wind turbines adding 18.9 GW, which equals a market share of 50.3%.
  • A sharp decrease in new capacity happened in the USA whose share in new wind turbines fell down to 14.9% (5.6 GW), after 25.9% or 9.9 GW in

the year 2009.

  • Nine further countries could be seen as major markets, with turbine sales in a range between 0.5 and 1.5 GW: Germany, Spain, India, United

Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, Sweden and the Eastern European newcomer Romania.

  • Further, 12 markets for new turbines had a medium size between 100 and 500 MW: Turkey, Poland, Portugal, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Japan, Bulgaria, Greece, Egypt, Ireland, and Mexico.
  • By end of 2010, 20 countries had installations of more than 1 000 MW, compared with 17 countries by end of 2009 and 11 countries byend of 2005.
  • Worldwide, 39 countries had wind farms with a capacity of 100 Megawatt or more installed, compared with 35 countries one year ago, and 24 countries five years ago.
  • The top five countries (USA, China, Germany, Spain and India) represented 74.2% of the worldwide wind capacity, significantly more than 72.9 % in the year.
  • The USA and China together represented 43.2% of the global wind capacity (up from 38.4 % in 2009).
  • The newcomer on the list of countries using wind power commercially is a Mediterranean country, Cyprus, which for the first time installed a larger grid-connected wind farm, with 82 MW.

Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010

The top 10 countries by Total Installed Capacity for the year 2010, is illustrated in the chart below:

Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: World Wind Energy Report, 2010

To view the Top 10 countries by different other parameters for the year 2010, click on the links below:

  1. Top 10 countries by Total New Installed Capacity
  2. Top 10 countries by Capacity per Capita (kW/cap)
  3. Top 10 countries by Capacity per Land Area (kW/sq. km)
  4. Top 10 countries by Capacity per GDP (kW/ million USD)

To view the Country-wise Installed Wind Power Capacity (MW) 2002-2010 (Source: World Wind Energy Association), click here

Country Profiles

China


Wind Energy Outlook for China - 2011 & Beyond
Despite its rapid and seemingly unhampered expansion, the Chinese wind power sector continues to face significant challenges, including issues surrounding grid access and integration, reliability of turbines and a coherent strategy for developing China’s offshore wind resource. These issues will be prominent during discussions around the twelfth Five-Year Plan, which will be passed in March 2011. According to the draft plan, this is expected to reflect the Chinese government’s continuous and reinforced commitment to wind power development, with national wind energy targets of 90 GW for 2015 and 200 GW for 2020.

For a detailed country profile of China please visit this China Wind Energy Profile Link

India


Wind Energy Main market developments in 2010
Today the Indian market is emerging as one of the major manufacturing hubs for wind turbines in Asia. Currently, seventeen manufacturers have an annual production capacity of 7,500 MW. According to the WISE, the annual wind turbine manufacturing capacity in India is likely to exceed 17,000 MW by 2013.
The Indian market is expanding with the leading wind companies like Suzlon, Vestas, Enercon, RRB Energy and GE now being joined by new entrants like Gamesa, Siemens, and WinWinD, all vying for a greater market share. Suzlon, however, is still the market leader with a market share of over 50%.
The Indian wind industry has not been significantly affected by the financial and economic crises. Even in the face of a global slowdown, the Indian annual wind power market has grown by almost 68%. However, it needs to be pointed out that the strong growth in 2010 might have been stimulated by developers taking advantage of the accelerated depreciation before this option is phased out.

For a detailed country profile of India please visit this India Wind Energy Profile Link

Market Share Analysis

Global Market Share

  • Vestas leads the Global Market in the 2010 with a 12% market share according to Make Consulting, while BTM Consulting reports it to have a 14.8% market share.
  • According to Make Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has decreased from 19% in 2008, to 14.5% in 2009, to 12% in 2010.
  • According to BTM Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has changed from 19% in 2008, to 12% in 2009, to 14.8% in 2010.
  • According to Make Consulting, the global market share of GE Energy has decreased from 18% in 2008, to 12.5% in 2009, to 10% in 2010.
  • The market share of world no. 2 Sinovel, has been constantly increasing, from 5% in 2008 , to 9.3% in 2009, to 11% in 2010
  • The top 5 companies have been occupying more than half of the Global Market Share from 2008 to 2010

Source: Make Consulting, BTM Global Consulting

The chart given below illustrates the Global Market Share Comparison of Major Wind Energy Companies for the period 2008-2010, as provided by two different agencies, Make Consulting and BTM Consulting:

Global Market Share Comparison of Major Companies for the period 2008-2010 , Source: Make Consulting, BTM Global Consulting

Market Share - Top 10 Markets

  • While Vestas is the Global Leader, it is the leader in only one of Top 10 markets, which is 10th placed Sweden
  • But, Vestas is ranked 2nd in 5 of Top 10 markets
  • Sinovel, ranked 2nd globally, features only once in the Top 3 Companies list in the Top 10 markets, but scores globally because it leads the largest market China
  • The table given below illustrates the Top 3 players in Top 10 Wind Energy Markets of the world:
Market MW No. 1 No. 2 No. 3
China 18928 Sinovel Goldwind Dongfang
USA 5115 GE Energy Vestas Siemens
India 2139 Suzlon Enercon Vestas
Germany 1551 Enercon Vestas Suzlon
UK 1522 Siemens Vestas Gamesa
Spain 1516 Gamesa Vestas GE Energy
France 1186 Enercon Suzlon Vestas
Italy 948 Gamesa Vestas Suzlon
Canada 690 Siemens GE Energy Enercon
Sweeden 604 Vestas Enercon Siemens
Source: BTM Consult - part of Navigant Consulting - March 2011

Source: BTM Consult

Company Profiles

  1. Vestas Wind Systems A/S
  2. Suzlon Energy

Major Wind Turbine Suppliers

Turbine maker Rotor blades Gear boxes Generators Towers Controllers
Vestas Vestas, LM Bosch Rexroth, Hansen, Wingery, Moventas Weier, Elin, ABB, LeroySomer Vestas, NEG, DMI Cotas (Vestas),
NEG (Dancontrol)
GE energy LM, Tecsis Wingery, Bosch, Rexroth, Eickhoff, GE Loher, GE DMI, Omnical, SIAG GE
Gamesa Gamesa, LM Echesa (Gamesa), Winergy, Hansen Indar (Gamesa), Cantarey Gamesa Ingelectric (Gamesa)
Enercon Enercon Direct drive Enercon KGW, SAM Enercon
Siemens
wind 		Siemens, LM Winergy ABB Roug, KGW Siemens, KK Electronic
Suzlon Suzlon Hansen, Winergy Suzlon,
Siemens 		Suzlon Suzlon, Mita Teknik
Repower LM Winergy, Renk, Eickhoff N/A N/A Mita Teknik, ReGuard
Nordex Nordex Winergy, Eickhoff, Maag Loher Nordex, Omnical Nordex, Mita Teknik
Source: BTM Consult

Products of Top Companies

S.No. Company Product Specifications
1 Vestas V80 Rated Power: 2.0 MW, Frequency: 50 Hz/60 Hz, Number of Poles: 4-pole, Operating Temperature: -30°C to 40°
2 Vestas V90 Rated Power: 1.8/2.0 MW, Frequency : 50 Hz/60 Hz, Number of Poles : 4-pole(50 Hz)/6-pole(60 Hz), Operating Temperature: -30°C to 40°
3 Vestas V90 Offshore Rated Power: 3.0 MW, Frequency: 50 Hz/60 Hz, Number of Poles: 4-pole, Operating Temperature: -30°C to 40°
4 North Heavy Company 2 MW DFIG Rated Power: 2.0 MW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Rated Current: 1670A, Frequency: 50Hz, Number of Poles : 4-pole, Rotor Rated Voltage: 1840V, Rotor Rated Current 670A, Rated Speed: 1660rpm; Power Speed Range: 520-1950 rpm, Insulation Class: H, Protection Class: IP54, Motor Temperature Rise =<95K
5 Gamesa G90 Rated Voltage: 690 V, Frequency: 50 Hz, Number of Poles: 4, Rotational Speed: 900:1,900 rpm (rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz); Rated Stator Current: 1,500 A @ 690 V, Protection Class: IP 54, Power Factor(standard): 0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, Power Factor(Optional): 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
6 Nordex N80 Rated Power: 2.5 MW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Frequency: 50/60Hz, Cooling Systems: liquid/air
7 Nordex N90 Rated Power: 2.5 MW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Frequency: 50/60Hz, Cooling Systems: liquid/air
8 Nordex N100 Rated Power: 2.4 MW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Frequency: 50/60Hz, Cooling Systems: liquid/air
9 Nordex N117 Rated Power: 2.5 MW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Frequency: 50/60Hz, Cooling Systems: liquid/air
10 Converteam DFIG NA
11 Xian Geoho Energy Technology 1.5MW DFIG Rated Power: 1550KW, Rated Voltage: 690V, Rated Speed: 1755 r/min, Speed Range: 975~1970 r/min, Number of Poles: 4-pole, Stator Rated Voltage: 690V±10%, Stator Rated Current: 1115A; Rotor Rated Voltage: 320V, Rotor Rated Current: 430A, Winding Connection: Y / Y, Power Factor: 0.95(Lead) ~ 0.95Lag, Protection Class: IP54, Insulation Class: H, Work Mode: S1, Installation ModeI: M B3, Cooling Mode: Air cooling, Weight: 6950kg
12 Tecowestinghouse TW450XX (0.5-1 KW) Rated Power: 0.5 -1 KW, Rated Voltage: 460/ 575/ 690 V, Frequency: 50/ 60 Hz, Number of Poles: 4/6, Ambient Temp.(°C): -40 to 50, Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed): 68% to 134%, Power Factor (Leading): -0.90 to +0.90 , Insulation Class: H/F, Efficiency: >= 96%
13 Tecowestinghouse TW500XX (1-2 KW) Rated Power: 1-2 kW, Rated Voltage: 460/ 575/ 690 V, Frequency: 50/ 60 Hz, Number of Poles: 4/6, Ambient Temp.(°C): -40 to 50; Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed): 68 to 134%, Power Factor(Leading): -0.90 to +0.90, Insulation Class: H/F, Efficiency: >= 96%
14 Tecowestinghouse TW560XX (2-3 KW) Rated Power: 2-3kW, Rated Voltage: 460/ 575/ 690 V, Frequency: 50/ 60 Hz, Number of Poles: 4/6, Ambient Temp(°C): -40 to 50, Speed Range(% of Synch. Speed): 68 to 134%, Power Factor(Leading): -0.90 to +0.90, Insulation Class: H/F, Efficiency: >= 96%.
15 Acciona AW1500 Rated Power: 1.5MW, Rated Voltage: 690 V, Frequency: 50 Hz, Number of Poles: 4, Rotational Speed: 900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), Rated Stator Current: 1,500 A @ 690 V, Protection Class: IP54, Power Factor(standard): 0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, Power factor(optional): 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
16 Acciona AW3000 Rated Power: 3.0MW, Rated Voltage: 690 V, Frequency: 50 Hz, Number of Poles: 4, Rotational Speed: 900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), Rated Stator Current: 1,500 A @ 690 V, Protection Class: IP54, Power Factor(standard): 0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, Power Factor (optional): 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
17 General Electric GE 1.5/2.5MW Rated Power: 1.5/2.5 MW, Frequency(Hz): 50/60

IP Search & Analysis

Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Search Strategy

The present study on the IP activity in the area of horizontal axis wind turbines with focus on Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is based on a search conducted on Thomson Innovation.

Control Patents

S. No. Patent/Publication No. Publication Date
(mm/dd/yyyy) 		Assignee/Applicant Title
1 US6278211 08/02/01 Sweo Edwin Brush-less doubly-fed induction machines employing dual cage rotors
2 US6954004 10/11/05 Spellman High Voltage Electron Doubly fed induction machine
3 US7411309 08/12/08 Xantrex Technology Control system for doubly fed induction generator
4 US7485980 02/03/09 Hitachi Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system
5 US7800243 09/21/10 Vestas Wind Systems Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed
6 US7830127 11/09/10 Wind to Power System Doubly-controlled asynchronous generator

Patent Classes

S. No. Class No. Class Type Definition
1 F03D9/00 IPC Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus)
2 F03D9/00C ECLA Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus) / The apparatus being an electrical generator
3 H02J3/38 IPC Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; systems for storing electric energy / Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks / Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
4 H02K17/42

IPC Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Dynamo-electric machines / Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators / Asynchronous induction generators
5 H02P9/00 IPC Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Control or regulation of electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils / Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
6 290/044 USPC Prime-mover dynamo plants / electric control / Fluid-current motors / Wind
7 290/055 USPC Prime-mover dynamo plants / Fluid-current motors / Wind
8 318/727 USPC Electricity: motive power systems / Induction motor systems
9 322/047 USPC Electricity: single generator systems / Generator control / Induction generator

Concept Table

S. No. Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3
Doubly Fed Induction Generator
1 doubly fed induction generator
2 double output asynchronous machines
3 dual fed systems
4 dual feed
5 dual output

Thomson Innovation Search

Database: Thomson Innovation
Patent coverage: US EP WO JP DE GB FR CN KR DWPI
Time line: 01/01/1836 to 07/03/2011

S. No. Concept Scope Search String No. of Hits
1 Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad) Claims, Title, and Abstract (((((doubl*3 OR dual*3 OR two) ADJ3 (power*2 OR output*4 OR control*4 OR fed OR feed*3)) NEAR5 (induction OR asynchronous)) NEAR5 (generat*3 OR machine*1 OR dynamo*1)) OR dfig or doig) 873
2 Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad) Full Spec. (((((doubl*3 OR dual*3 OR two) ADJ3 (power*2 OR output*1 OR control*4 OR fed OR feed*3)) NEAR5 (generat*3 OR machine*1 OR dynamo*1))) OR dfig or doig) -
3 Induction Machine: Classes US, IPC, and ECLA Classes ((318/727 OR 322/047) OR (H02K001742)) -
4 Generators: Classes US, IPC, and ECLA Classes ((290/044 OR 290/055) OR (F03D000900C OR H02J000338 OR F03D0009* OR H02P0009*)) -
5 Combined Query - 2 AND 3 109
6 Combined Query - 2 AND 4 768
7 French Keywords Claims, Title, and Abstract ((((doubl*3 OR dual*3 OR two OR deux) NEAR4 (nourris OR feed*3 OR puissance OR sortie*1 OR contrôle*1)) NEAR4 (induction OR asynchron*1) NEAR4 (générateur*1 OR generator*1 OR machine*1 OR dynamo*1)) OR dfig or doig) 262
8 German Keywords Claims, Title, and Abstract (((((doppel*1 OR dual OR two OR zwei) ADJ3 (ausgang OR ausgänge OR kontroll* OR control*4 OR gesteuert OR macht OR feed*1 OR gefüttert OR gespeiste*1)) OR (doppeltgefüttert OR doppeltgespeiste*1)) NEAR4 (((induktion OR asynchronen) NEAR4 (generator*2 OR maschine*1 OR dynamo*1)) OR (induktion?maschinen OR induktion?generatoren OR asynchronmaschine OR asynchrongenerator))) OR dfig) 306
9 Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(narrow) Full Spec. (((((((doubl*3 OR dual*3) ADJ3 (power*2 OR output*4 OR control*4 OR fed OR feed*3))) NEAR5 (generat*3 OR machine*1 OR dynamo*1))) SAME wind) OR (dfig SAME wind)) 1375
10 Top Assignees - (vestas* OR (gen* ADJ2 electric*) OR ge OR hitachi OR woodward OR repower OR areva OR gamesa OR ingeteam OR nordex OR siemens OR (abb ADJ2 research) OR (american ADJ2 superconductor*) OR (korea ADJ2 electro*) OR (univ* NEAR3 navarra) OR (wind OR technolog*) OR (wind ADJ2 to ADJ2 power)) -
11 Combined Query - 2 AND 10 690
12 Top Inventors - ((Andersen NEAR2 Brian) OR (Engelhardt NEAR2 Stephan) OR (Ichinose NEAR2 Masaya) OR (Jorgensen NEAR2 Allan NEAR2 Holm) OR ((Scholte ADJ2 Wassink) NEAR2 Hartmut) OR (OOHARA NEAR2 Shinya) OR (Rivas NEAR2 Gregorio) OR (Erdman NEAR2 William) OR (Feddersen NEAR2 Lorenz) OR (Fortmann NEAR2 Jens) OR (Garcia NEAR2 Jorge NEAR2 Martinez) OR (Gertmar NEAR2 Lars) OR (KROGH NEAR2 Lars) OR (LETAS NEAR2 Heinz NEAR2 Hermann) OR (Lopez NEAR2 Taberna NEAR2 Jesus) OR (Nielsen NEAR2 John) OR (STOEV NEAR2 Alexander) OR (W?ng NEAR2 Haiqing) OR (Yuan NEAR2 Xiaoming)) -
13 Combined Query - ((3 OR 4) AND 10) 899
14 Final Query - 1 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 11 OR 13 2466(1060 INPADOC Families)

Taxonomy

  • Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy
  • Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard

Sample Analysis

A sample of 139 patents from the search is analyzed based on the taxonomy. Provided a link below for sample spread sheet analysis for doubly-fed induction generators.

Patent Analysis

S.No. Patent/Publication No. Publication Date
(mm/dd/yyyy) 		Assignee/Applicant Title Dolcera Analysis
Problem Solution
1 US20100117605 05/13/10 Woodward Method of and apparatus for operating a double-fed asynchronous machine in the event of transient mains voltage changes The short-circuit-like currents in the case of transient mains voltage changes lead to a corresponding air gap torque which loads the drive train and transmission lines can damages or reduces the drive train and power system equipments. The method presents that the stator connecting with the network and the rotor with a converter. The converter is formed to set a reference value of electrical amplitude in the rotor, by which a reference value of the electrical amplitude is set in the rotor after attaining a transient mains voltage change, such that the rotor flux approaches the stator flux.
2 US20100045040 02/25/10 Vestas Wind Systems Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed The DFIG system has poor damping of oscillations within the flux dynamics due to cross coupling between active and reactive currents, which makes the system potentially unstable under certain circumstances and complicates the work of the rotor current controller. These oscillations can damage the drive train mechanisms. A compensation block is arranged, which feeds a compensation control output to the rotor of the generator. The computation unit computes the control output during operation of the turbine to compensate partly for dependencies on a rotor angular speed of locations of poles of a generator transfer function, so that the transfer function is made independent of variations in the speed during operation of the turbine which eliminates the oscillations and increases the efficiency of the wind turbine.
3 US20090267572 10/29/09 Woodward Current limitation for a double-fed asynchronous machine Abnormal currents can damage the windings in the doubly- fed induction generator. Controlling these currents with the subordinate current controllers cannot be an efficient way to extract the maximum amount of active power. The method involves delivering or receiving of a maximum permissible reference value of an active power during an operation of a double-fed asynchronous machine, where predetermined active power and reactive power reference values are limited to a calculated maximum permissible active and reactive power reference values, and hence ensures reliable regulated effect and reactive power without affecting the power adjustment, the rotor is electrically connected to a pulse-controlled inverter by slip rings with a static frequency changer, and thus a tension with variable amplitude and frequency is imposed in the rotor.
4 US20090008944 01/08/09 Universidad Publica De Navarra Method and system of control of the converter of an electricity generation facility connected to an electricity network in the presence of voltage sags in said network Double-fed asynchronous generators are very sensitive to the faults that may arise in the electricity network, such as voltage sags. During the sag conditions the current which appears in said converter may reach very high values, and may even destroy it. During the event of a voltage sag occurring, the converter imposes a new set point current which is the result of adding to the previous set point current a new term, called demagnetizing current, It is proportional to a value of free flow of a generator stator. A difference between a value of a magnetic flow in the stator of the generator and a value of a stator flow associated to a direct component of a stator voltage is estimated. A value of a preset calculated difference is multiplied by a factor for producing the demagnetizing current.
5 US7355295 04/08/08 Ingeteam Energy Variable speed wind turbine having an exciter machine and a power converter not connected to the grid a) The active switching of the semiconductors of the grid side converter injects undesirable high frequency harmonics to the grid.
b) The use of power electronic converters (4) connected to the grid (9) causes harmonic distortion of the network voltage. 		Providing the way that power is only delivered to the grid through the stator of the doubly fed induction generator, avoiding undesired harmonic distortion.
Grid Flux Orientation (GFO) is used to accurately control the power injected to the grid. An advantage of this control system is that it does not depend on machine parameters, which may vary significantly, and theoretical machine models, avoiding the use of additional adjusting loops and achieving a better power quality fed into the utility grid.
6 US20080203978 08/28/08 Semikron Frequency converter for a double-fed asynchronous generator with variable power output and method for its operation Optislip circuit with a resistor is used when speed is above synchronous speed, results in heating the resistor and thus the generator leads to limitation of operation in super synchronous range which results in tower fluctuations. Providing a back-to-back converter which contains the inverter circuit has direct current (DC) inputs, DC outputs, and a rotor-rectifier connected to a rotor of a dual feed asynchronous generator. A mains inverter is connected to a power grid, and an intermediate circuit connects one of the DC inputs with the DC outputs. The intermediate circuit has a semiconductor switch between the DC outputs, an intermediate circuit condenser between the DC inputs, and a diode provided between the semiconductor switch and the condenser. Thus the system is allowed for any speed of wind and reduces the tower fluctuations.
7 US20070210651 09/13/07 Hitachi Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system During the ground faults, excess currents is induced in the secondary windings and flows into power converter connected to secondary side and may damage the power converter. Conventional methods of increasing the capacity of the power converter increases system cost, degrade the system and takes time to activate the system to supply power again. The generator provided with a excitation power converter connected to secondary windings of a doubly-fed generator via impedance e.g. reactor, and a diode rectifier connected in parallel to the second windings of the doubly-fed generator via another impedance. A direct current link of the rectifier is connected in parallel to a DC link of the converter. A controller outputs an on-command to a power semiconductor switching element of the converter if a value of current flowing in the power semiconductor switching element is a predetermined value or larger.
8 US20070132248 06/14/07 General Electric System and method of operating double fed induction generators Wind turbines with double fed induction generators are sensitive to grid faults. Conventional methods are not effective to reduce the shaft stress during grid faults and slow response and using dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is cost expensive. The protection system has a controlled impedance device. Impedance device has bidirectional semiconductors such triac, assembly of thyristors or anti-parallel thyristors. Each of the controlled impedance devices is coupled between a respective phase of a stator winding of a double fed induction generator and a respective phase of a grid side converter. The protection system also includes a controller configured for coupling and decoupling impedance in one or more of the controlled impedance devices in response to changes in utility grid voltage and a utility grid current. High impedance is offered to the grid during network faults to isolate the dual fed wind turbine generator.
9 US20060192390 08/31/06 Gamesa Innovation Control and protection of a doubly-fed induction generator system A short-circuit in the grid causes the generator to feed high stator-currents into the short-circuit and the rotor-currents increase very rapidly which cause damage to the power-electronic components of the converter connecting the rotor windings with the rotor-inverter. The converter is provided with a clamping unit which is triggered from a non-operation state to an operation state, during detection of over-current in the rotor windings. The clamping unit comprises passive voltage-dependent resistor element for providing a clamping voltage over the rotor windings when the clamping unit is triggered.
10 US20050189896 09/01/05 ABB Research Method for controlling doubly-fed machine Controlling the double fed machines on the basis of inverter control to implement the targets set for the machine, this model is extremely complicated and includes numerous parameters that are often to be determined. A method is provided to use a standard scalar-controlled frequency converter for machine control. A frequency reference for the inverter with a control circuit, and reactive power reference are set for the machine. A rotor current compensation reference is set based on reactive power reference and reactive power. A scalar-controlled inverter is controlled for producing voltage for the rotor of the machine, based on the set frequency reference and rotor current compensation reference.

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Article Analysis

S.No. Title Publication Date
(mm/dd/yyyy) 		Journal/Conference Dolcera Summary
1 Study on the Control of DFIG and its Responses to Grid Disturbances 01/01/06 Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006. IEEE Presented dynamic model of the DFIG, including mechanical model, generator model, and PWM voltage source converters. Vector control strategies adapted for both the RSC and GSC to control speed and reactive power independently. Control designing methods, such as pole-placement method and the internal model control are used. MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulation.
2 Application of Matrix Converter for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Driving an Doubly Fed Induction Generator 05/23/06 Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2006. SPEEDAM 2006. A matrix converter is replaced with back to back converter in a variable speed wind turbine using doubly fed induction generator. Stable operation is achieved by stator flux oriented control technique and the system operated in both sub and super synchronous modes, achieved good results.
3 Optimal Power Control Strategy of Maximizing Wind Energy Tracking and Conversion for VSCF Doubly Fed Induction Generator System 08/14/06 Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006. IPEMC 2006. CES/IEEE 5th International Proposed a new optimal control strategy of maximum wind power extraction strategies and testified by simulation. The control algorithm also used to minimize the losses in the generator. The dual passage excitation control strategy is applied to decouple the active and reactive powers. With this control system, the simulation results show the good robustness and high generator efficiency is achieved.
4 A Torque Tracking Control algorithm for Doubly–fed Induction Generator 01/01/08 Journal of Electrical Engineering Proposed a torque tracking control algorithm for Doubly fed induction generator using PI controllers. It is achieved by controlling the rotor currents and using a stator voltage vector reference frame.
5 Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement Of Wind Farms Using Doubly Fed Induction Generator 09/04/08 Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2008. UPEC 2008. 43rd International An active diode bridge crowbar switch presented to improve fault ride through capability of DIFG. Showed different parameters related to crowbar such a crowbar resistance, power loss, temperature and time delay for deactivation during fault.

Click here to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators article analysis.

Top Cited Patents

S. No. Patent/Publication No. Publication Date
(mm/dd/yyyy) 		Assignee/Applicant Title Citation Count
1 US5289041 02/22/94 US Windpower Speed control system for a variable speed wind turbine 80
2 US4982147 01/01/91 Oregon State Power factor motor control system 62
3 US5028804 07/02/91 Oregon State Brushless doubly-fed generator control system 51
4 US5239251 08/24/93 Oregon State Brushless doubly-fed motor control system 49
5 US6856038 02/15/05 Vestas Wind Systems Variable speed wind turbine having a matrix converter 43
6 WO1999029034 06/10/99 Asea Brown A method and a system for speed control of a rotating electrical machine with flux composed of two quantities 36
7 WO1999019963 04/22/99 Asea Brown Rotating electric machine 36
8 US7015595 03/21/06 Vestas Wind Systems Variable speed wind turbine having a passive grid side rectifier with scalar power control and dependent pitch control 34
9 US4763058 08/09/88 Siemens Method and apparatus for determining the flux angle of rotating field machine or for position-oriented operation of the machine 32
10 US7095131 08/22/06 General Electric Variable speed wind turbine generator 25

Top Cited Articles

S. No. Title Publication Date Journal/Conference Citations Count
1 Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed wind-energy generation May. 1996 IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications 906
2 Doubly fed induction generator systems for wind turbines May. 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Magazine 508
3 Dynamic modeling of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines May. 2003 IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 274
4 Modeling and control of a wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator Jun. 2003 IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 271
5 Ride through of wind turbines with doubly-fed induction generator during a voltage dip Jun. 2005 IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 246
6 Dynamic modeling of a wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator July. 2001 IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2001 196
7 Modeling of the wind turbine with a doubly fed induction generator for grid integration studies Mar. 2006 IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 174
8 A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine Sept. 1996 IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications 150
9 Doubly fed induction generator model for transient stability analysis Jun. 2005 IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 106
10 Control of a doubly fed induction generator in a wind turbine during grid fault ride-through Sept. 2006 IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 112

White Space Analysis

  • White-space analysis provides the technology growth and gaps in the technology where further R&D can be done to gain competitive edge and to carry out incremental innovation.
  • Dolcera provides White Space Analysis in different dimensions. Based on Product, Market, Method of Use, Capabilities or Application or Business Area and defines the exact categories within the dimension.
  • Below table shows a sample representation of white space analysis for controlling DFIG parameters with converters, based on the sample analysis.
White Space of converters used to control
Active power
Reactive Power
Decoupled P-Q control
Field oriented control
Direct torque control
Speed control
Frequency Control
Pitch control
PWM Technique
Low voltage ride through
Network fault/Grid fault
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Faults
Temp control
Grid Side active converters
 US20070052394A1

US20060028025A1

US20100148508A1

US20100133816A1 EP2166226A1 US20070132248A1 US20070052394A1 US20100096853A1

US20100114388A1 US20090008938A1 WO2010079234A1

US20090230689A1 US20090206606A1 US20070024247A1

US20090206606A1

US20080129050A1

US20100156192A1

US20070182383A1

US20100002475A1

US20080296898A1 US20070273155A1 US20070278797A1

US20070052244A1

US20070024059A1 US20060238929A1

US20070177314A1 EP2166226A1

US20090121483A1 US20090008938A1

Grid side passive converters
 US20030151259A1 US20030151259A1 US20030151259A1
Rotor side converter
 US20100142237A1

US20070052394A1 US20060028025A1

US20100096853A1

US20100148508A1 US20100133816A1 US20070132248A1 US20070052394A1

US20100114388A1 US20090008938A1 WO2010079234A1

US20090230689A1 US20070024247A1

US20080129050A1 US20070182383A1 US20100002475A1

US20080296898A1 US20070273155A1 US20070278797A1

US20080157533A1

US20070052244A1 US20070024059A1 US20060238929A1

US20090273185A1

US20070177314A1

US20090121483A1

US20090008938A1

Matrix converters
 US20020079706A1 US20070216164A1 US20090265040A1 US20070216164A1

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Key Findings

Major Players

Major Players

Key Patents

Key Patents

IP Activity

  • Patenting activity has seen a very high growth rate in the last two years.
Year wise IP Activity

Geographical Activity

  • USA, China, Germany, Spain, and India are very active in wind energy research.
Geographical Activity

Research Trend

  • Around 86% patents are on controlling the doubly-fed induction generation(DFIG) which indicates high research activity going on in rating and controlling of the DFIG systems.

Issues in the Technology

  • 86% of the patent on DFIG operation are focusing on grid connected mode of operation, suggesting continuous operation of the DFIG system during weak and storm winds, grid voltage sags, and grid faults are major issues in the current scenario.
Problem Solution Mapping

Emerging Player

  • Woodward is a new and fast developing player in the field of DFIG technology. The company filed 10 patent applications in the field in year 2010, while it has no prior IP activity.

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References

Background References
  1. Wind Energy History
  2. Wind Energy
  3. Wind Energy Basics
  4. How Wind Turbines Work
  5. Different types of wind turbines
  6. Onshore Vs Offshore Wind Turbines
  7. Wind Power
  8. Types of Wind Farms
  9. Offshore Technology
  10. The Fundamentals of Wind Energy
  11. Winder Tower
  12. Wind Towers
  13. Wind Turbine Blades
  14. Wind Turbine Design Styles
  15. Rotor Hub Assembly
  16. Gearbox for Wind Turbines
  17. The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism
  18. The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism
  19. Wind Turbine Generators
  20. Inside wind turbines
 Image References
  1. DFIG Working Principle
  2. Country share of total capacity
  3. Wind turbine principle
  4. Horizontal axis wind turbine
  5. Vertical axis wind turbine
  6. Pitch control
  7. Yaw control
  8. Onshore Wind turbines
  9. Offshore wind turbines
  10. Wind turbine parts
  11. Tower height Vs Power output
  12. Tubular tower
  13. Lattice tower
  14. Guy tower
  15. Tiltup tower
  16. Free stand tower
  17. Single blade turbine
  18. Two blade turbine
  19. Three blade turbine
  20. Internal nacelle structure
  21. Rotor hub
  22. Shaft system
  23. Gear box
  24. Anemometer & Wind vane

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