Difference between revisions of "Gut biology and probiotic microorganisms in food template"

Revision as of 04:35, 14 December 2011

Objective

To create a technology landscape report on Gut Biology and Probiotic microorganisms in food

• Identify market players with prolific IP activity in the technology area
• Segment the players by the industry they belong to

Note: This report is just a template and gives an indication of what the paid report contains.

Click here for information to purchase the report

Background

Definition

Etymologically, the term probiotic appears to be a composite of the Latin preposition pro ("for") and the Greek adjective βιωτικός (biotic), the latter deriving from the noun βίος (bios, "life").Miller et al British Journal of Nutrition, 2003 Lilly and Stillwell coined the term probiotic in 1965 and defined it as "a substance produced by one microorganism stimulating the growth of another microorganism" and understood a probiotic as opposite to an antibiotic.Rusch 2002 Over the course of time various definitions of probiotics have surfaced and the internationally adopted FAO/WHO definition was coined in 2001 which describes probiotics as
"Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host" FAO report 2002

The International Study Group on New Antimicrobial Strategies (ISGNAS), developed a concept for the detailed definition of probiotics in three categories.

1. Medical probiotics (drugs) - a microbial preparation which contains live and/or dead microorganisms including their components and products determined to be employed as a drug for therapeutic purposes.

2. Pharmaceutical probiotics (food supplements) - a microbial preparation designed for manufacture of food supplements.

3. Alimentary probiotics (food) - a microbial preparation designed for use in food fermentation or food production. The mode of action includes immunomodulation, host microflora modulation, and the modulation of metabolic processes. Rusch 2002

Please click here to view the Common probiotic microorganisms

Science behind probiotics

An organism may be classified as a probiotic(in human beings) based on the following criteria.

Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice T.Lannitti et al Clinical Nutrition Journal, 2010

Of the probiotic microbes, the genera Bifidobacter and Lactobacillus are very prevalent. They restore the normal intestinal microflora after antibiotic treatment, produce digestive enzymes, improves food digestibility, suppresses food-borne pathogens.

Probiotics as food

Probiotics essentially work by helping to maintain and replenish these colonies of beneficial bacteria. They can be ingested through a variety of means, including daily capsules, yogurt shots, or enhanced dairy products. Capsules of probiotics are similar to capsules of any nutrient, and contain live bacteria within an easily digestible shell. Small yogurt shots, which contain less than one ounce of yogurt infused with high numbers of probiotics, can be taken once a day instead of the capsule. Significant numbers of probiotics have also become included in many types of milk, cheeses, and yogurts to help keep numbers of gut flora high. Probiotic effects ehow.com

Health benefits of probiotics

The world is full of microorganisms (including bacteria), and so are people's bodies -- in and on the skin, in the gut, and in other orifices. Friendly bacteria are vital to proper development of the immune system, to protection against microorganisms that could cause disease, and to the digestion and absorption of food and nutrients. Each person's mix of bacteria varies. Interactions between a person and the microorganisms in his body, and among the microorganisms themselves, can be crucial to the person's health and well-being.

This bacterial "balancing act" can be thrown off in two major ways:
1. By antibiotics, when they kill friendly bacteria in the gut along with unfriendly bacteria. Some people use probiotics to try to offset side effects from antibiotics like gas, cramping, or diarrhea. Similarly, some use them to ease symptoms of lactose intolerance -- a condition in which the gut lacks the enzyme needed to digest significant amounts of the major sugar in milk, and which also causes gastrointestinal symptoms.
2. "Unfriendly" microorganisms such as disease-causing bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and parasites can also upset the balance. Researchers are exploring whether probiotics could halt these unfriendly agents in the first place and/or suppress their growth and activity in conditions like:

• Infectious diarrhea
  
• Irritable bowel syndrome
  
• Inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease)
  
• Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium that causes most ulcers and many types of chronic stomach inflammation
  
• Tooth decay and periodontal disease
  
• Vaginal infections
  
• Stomach and respiratory infections that children acquire in daycare
  
• Skin infections
• TumoursProbiotics medicinenet.com

Probiotics contribute to well-being in various ways as shown in the figure

Health benefits of probiotic consumption customprobiotics.com

Concept Table

• An indicative list of terms to show how a concept table is generated. View paid report for complete list.
• Concept Table was enriched by searches related to gut biology and probiotics in food from pubmed mesh, relevant patents, scientific articles and various thesauri

Class code definitions

US CLASSES AND THEIR DEFINITIONS

IPC CLASSES AND THEIR DEFINITIONS

F-terms and their definitions

• An indicative list of various class codes used for the IP search. View paid report for complete list.

Search Strategy

• Search Engine: Thomson Innovation
• Databases covered: US, Europe, German, Japanese and Korean applications and granted patents
• Coverage: Title, Abstract and Claims
• Timeline: 1991- 20th Sep 2011

Taxonomy

The companies with IP in the area as categorized by their industry segments

Relevant patents (Sample Set)

Sample Patent Analysis Sheet

Click here to download the sample patent analysis sheet

Assignee analysis and IP Activity

• Labels for all the charts below are available in the paid report.

Top Assignees

Top Assignees

Geographical distribution

• Based on patent number

Based on relevant patents

• Including family members

Based on patent family members

IP Activity

IP activity

IP activity

Top Cited patents

• Patents with the maximum number of forward citations were determined and the graph shows the top 13 patents with corresponding assignees.

Top cited patents

Dolcera Dashboard

Assignees were categorized based on the type of their products viz. food,feed or beverage, biotech, pharma,other industries, research and educational institutions etc and their patents have been shown in the Dolcera Interactive Dashboard.

A data preview of the dashboard is shown below:

A chart preview of the dashboard is shown below:

Patent to product mapping

• Some products with respect to this technology area were identified and mapped to the patents from their respective assignees.

S.No	Patent no	Title	Assignee	Products	Snapshot
1	US20110014248A1	Cosmetic use of microorganism(s) for the treatment of scalp disorders	NESTLE SA	INNEOV HAIR HEALTH DS DANDRUFF
2	WO2011012655A1	Nutritional composition for breast-fed infants or pets with probiotics and selected nutrients	NESTLE SA	FortiFlora® Canine Nutritional Supplements
3	US5603930A	Lactobacillus johnsonii CNCM I-1225	NESTLE SA	LC1 yoghurt

Purchase Information

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