DolceraWiki - User contributions [en]

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:53:12Z

Madhuri: /* Content delivery */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]

'''Content delivery'''

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

[[Image:3GPP LTE protocol stack.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''3GPP LTE protocol stack''']]

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:49:47Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

[[Image:3GPP LTE protocol stack.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''3GPP LTE protocol stack''']]

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:49:26Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

[[Image:3GPP LTE protocol stack.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''3GPP LTE protocol stack''']]

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

File:3GPP LTE protocol stack.jpg

2008-02-11T06:48:30Z

Madhuri:

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:47:05Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

[[Image:3GPP LTE protocol stack.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''3GPP LTE protocol stack''']]]

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:44:45Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|900 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:43:06Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 802.16e Protocol Stack''']]]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

File:Protocol.jpg

2008-02-11T06:41:41Z

Madhuri:

4G wireless technology developments

2008-02-11T06:41:23Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:protocol.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''IEEE 820.16e Protocol Stack''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

==== Content delivery ====
'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''ASN Gateway functions'''
* Service Flow Authorization
* Authentication and key distribution
* Session/Context maintenance
* Handover co-ordination & Mobility management
* Paging control
* Accounting client
* DHCP proxy/relay
* MIP client/FA
* Data-path management and (re)-anchoring
* Policy Enforcement
* Multiple BS, ASN, CSN configurations

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T06:55:56Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:45:01Z

Madhuri: /* WiMAX Network Reference Model */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

==== WiMAX Network Reference Model====
'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:42:58Z

Madhuri: /* WiMAX Network Reference Model */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

=== WiMAX Network Reference Model===
'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:39:01Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

==WiMAX Network Reference Model==
'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
* The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
* The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:37:15Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model''':
'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
** The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
** The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:33:37Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
** The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
** The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:32:16Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
''''Access Service network(ASN)'''':
**The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
** The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
** The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:25:54Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

'''Access Service network(ASN)''': The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
** The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
** The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.
** The ASN coordinates traffic across multiple Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and supports security, handoffs and Quality of Service (QoS).
** The ASN interfaces the BTS and the all-IP core network—the CSN. Typically the ASN includes numerous BTSs with one or more ASN gateways.
** The ASN manages radio resources, MS access, mobility, security and QoS. It acts as a relay for the CSN for IP address allocation and AAA functions.

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:21:05Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:20:01Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align=center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:19:24Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align=center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="cente"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-30T05:18:54Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78% " align="cente"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting ), IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-29T12:09:02Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="52%"
|align = "justify"|ASN
|align = "justify"|Access Service Network
|-
|align = "justify"|CSN
|align = "justify"|Connectivity Service Network
|-
|align = "justify"|AAA
|align = "justify"|Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting
|-
|align = "justify"|MS
|align = "justify"|Mobile Station
|-
|align = "justify"|BTS
|align = "justify"|Base station
|-
|}

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="78%"
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Interface'''
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Description'''
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''Functionality'''
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R1'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the ASN
|align = "justify"|Air interface
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R2'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the MS and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, IP host configuration, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R3'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASN and the CSN
|align = "justify"|AAA, policy enforcement, mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R4'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the ASNs
|align = "justify"|Mobility management
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R5'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the CSNs
|align = "justify"|Internetworking,roaming
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R6'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between BTS and ASN gateways
|align = "justify"|IP tunnel management to establish and release MS connection
|-
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#33CCCC"|'''R8'''
|align = "justify"|Interface between the BTSs
|align = "justify"|Handoffs
|-
|}

[[category:Word2MediaWikiPlus]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-29T11:25:09Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''
[[Image:ASN.jpg|center|1500 px|thumbnail|'''WiMAX Network Reference Model ''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

File:ASN.jpg

2007-11-29T11:22:29Z

Madhuri:

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-29T11:19:37Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''WiMAX Network Reference Model'''

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-28T06:13:54Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|The intent of the BE service grant scheduling type is to provide efficient service for best effort traffic in the
uplink.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-27T12:53:47Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|Provides best service among all.This service is for applications with no rate or delay requirements.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum reserved traffic rate 2) Maximum Latency 3)Request/Transmission Policy 4) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic priority 5)Request/Transmission policy 6) Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|1) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 2) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 3) Traffic priority 4)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 2) Traffic priority 3)Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|1) Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter 2) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate 3) Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate 4) Traffic Priority 5)Request/Transmission Policy 6) Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-27T12:41:55Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align="center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|valign = "top"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|valign = "top"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|valign = "top"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|valign = "top"|Provides best service among all.This service is for applications with no rate or delay requirements.
|valign = "top"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|valign = "top"|Minimum reserved traffic rate Maximum Latency Request/Transmission Policy Unsolicited Grant Interval
|valign = "top"|Maximum Latency Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy Unsolicited Polling Interval
|valign = "top"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy
|valign = "top"|Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic Priority Request/Transmission Policy Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-11-27T12:30:28Z

Madhuri: /* Standards */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of company statistics per protocol]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of patents per protocol]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|800 px|center|thumb|Preview of the products for particular company]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''QoS service for WiMAX Content Delivery as per standard'''

{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "3"|'''Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRT-VR'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''ERT-VR'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Unsolicited Grant Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Real-Time Variable Rate Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Non-Real-Time Variable Rate service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Best Efforts Service'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Extended Real-Time Variable Rate Service.'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service (e.g.VoIP) generating fixed data rate. Data can be provided as either fixed or variable length PDU.
|align = "justify"|Real-time service (e.g.MPEG) applications with variable bit rates. Require guaranteed data rate and delay.
|align = "justify"|Non Real time service (FTP) for guaranted data rate.This service is insensetive to delays.It is desirable in certain cases to limit the data rate of these services to some maximum rate.
|align = "justify"|Provides best service among all.This service is for applications with no rate or delay requirements.
|align = "justify"|This service is to support real-time applications with variable data-rates, which require guaranteed data and delay, for example VoIP with silence suppression.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Parameters'''
|align = "justify"|Minimum reserved traffic rate Maximum Latency Request/Transmission Policy Unsolicited Grant Interval
|align = "justify"|Maximum Latency Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy Unsolicited Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy
|align = "justify"|Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic priority Request/Transmission policy
|align = "justify"|Maximum Latency Tolerated Jitter Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate Traffic Priority Request/Transmission Policy Unsolicited Grant Interval
|-
|}

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-22T12:50:54Z

Madhuri: /* Mobile technology roadmap */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

=== Dashboard Preview ===

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of company statistics per protocol''']]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of patents per protocol''']]

[[Image:product.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of the products for particular company''']]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-22T12:48:31Z

Madhuri: /* Mobile technology roadmap */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of company statistics per protocol''']]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of patents per protocol''']]

[[Image:product.jpeg|950 px|center|thumb|'''Preview of the products for particular company''']]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

File:Patents.jpeg

2007-10-22T12:42:13Z

Madhuri:

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-22T12:39:05Z

Madhuri: /* Mobile technology roadmap */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg|950 px]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg|950 px]]

[[Image:product.jpeg|950 px]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

File:Product.jpeg

2007-10-22T12:34:54Z

Madhuri:

File:Patent chart.jpeg

2007-10-22T12:34:07Z

Madhuri:

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-22T04:50:18Z

Madhuri: /* Technology overview */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The subscription service ==

'''Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously'''

* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world
* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

===The value proposition===
* Systematic tracking of technology developments in the space
* Competitive Intelligence
* Market intelligence
* Interactive presentation
* Periodic updates
* Personalized alerts/RSS feeds in technologies and standards of interest

===Who is it for===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="70%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Marketing teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''R&D teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Intellectual Property teams'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Competitive Intelligence teams'''
|-
|valign = "top"|• Product tracking from the detailed product catalogs
|valign = "top"|• Tracking latest technical developments • Benchmarking their research efforts against competitors • Identifying the most technically savvy start ups • Identifying the most important patents • Innovation
|valign = "top"|• IP portfolio management • Designing patent opposition strategies in a timely fashion • Short listing important patents
|valign = "top"|• Tracking major competitors • Tracking startups and larger players • Tracking venture capital funds
|-
|}

===Definition of 4G===
The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

=== 4G standards ===
* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

===Services where 4G is used===
*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

=== 4G objectives===
* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

==Technology overview==
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Parameter'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "5"|'''4G'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiMAX'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''WiBro'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP LTE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Logo'''
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wimax_01.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:wibro_02.jpeg|70px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:lte_03.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:hsopa_04.jpeg|100px]]

|align = "center"| 
[[Image:umb_05.jpeg|70px]]

|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|SC-FDMA Uplink OFDMA Downlink
|align = "center"|OFDMA
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Duplex system'''
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|TDD
|align = "center"|TDD/FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|align = "center"|FDD
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Channel Bandwidth'''
|align = "center"|3.5, 5, 7, 8.75, 10, 15, 20MHz
|align = "center"|8.75MHz
|align = "center"|1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 MHz to 20 MHz
|align = "center"|1.25 - 20 MHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FFT size'''
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
|align = "center"|1024
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048
|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''
|align = "center"|70 Mbps
|align = "center"|30 - 50 Mbps
|align = "center"|100 Mbps Downlink 50 Mbps Uplink
|align = "center"|14.4 Mbps
|align = "center"|275 Mbps Downlink 75 Mbps Uplink
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Antenna System'''
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (6 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems. (4 - antenna array)
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|align = "center"|MIMO-AAS smart antenna subsystems.
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''FEC scheme'''
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Convolution Turbo Code
|align = "center"|Convolution Code Turbo Code
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Modulation'''
|align = "center"|BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM
|align = "center"|16 QAM
|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Frequency band'''
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2.3GHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2.4GHz
|align = "center"|2010MHz <nowiki>~</nowiki> 2025MHz
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|450 MHz to 3.6GHz
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Cell coverage'''
|align = "center"|10 KM
|align = "center"|1 KM
|align = "center"|5 - 100 KM
|align = "center"|N/A
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Roadmap''']]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Roadmap''']]]

[[Image:patent chart.jpeg]]

[[Image:patents.jpeg]]

[[Image:product.jpeg]]

==WiMAX==

===[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 '''''WiMAX Dashboard''''']===

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

'''Spectrum coverage by geography'''
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide''']]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

'''Technology mapping parameters'''
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind132.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm '''WiMAX Mobility Access''']]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| '''QoS for WiMAX''']]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/products/wireless/IntelWiMAXConnection2250.pdf Intel]
|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)
|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.redlinecommunications.com/products/RedMAX_SUI.html Redline Communication]
|align = "center"|Subscriber station
|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_wimax_hipermax.aspx Airspan]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|HiperMAX
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_1809_samsung-sph-p9000-mobile-wimax_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/smart-mobile-phones/samsung-unveils-wimaxready-p9000/2710/0&h=337&w=450&sz=89&hl=en&st Samsung]
|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone
|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.navini.com/Website/Content/Products/Ripwave_MX_2.3GHz.htm Navini networks]
|align = "center"|Antenna system
|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document2_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

'''Sample analysis'''
* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

'''Conferences'''
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX world conference - 2008 in USA.]

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum WiMAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/WiMAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

'''WiMAX deals'''

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

===Standards===
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology]]

===Products===
{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/spectrum_analysis/top_class/FSQ.html Rohde & Schwarz]
|align = "center"|Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"|FSQ Signal Analyzer
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://bul.ece.ubc.ca/Behrouz Pourseyed_UBC_IEEE_PDF.pdf Sierra Wireless]
|align = "center"|PC cards
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Test Systems
|align = "center"|MX785201A test systems
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.anritsu.co.uk/news/default.php?id=619 Anritsu Company]
|align = "center"|MD8480C signaling tester
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/Picocell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/April2004/7001.htm&h=248&w=405&sz=34&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=lSbNTfdqb4fDhM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3D3GPP%2B%252B%2Bsyste Picochip]
|align = "center"|Bse station
|align = "center"|Base station damo
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP_LTE_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA

===Standards===
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Companies===

* [[List of companies supporting HSOPA technology]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3627.htm Orange]
|align = "center"|PC crad
|align = "center"|PC card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3613.htm Samsung]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|Mobile
|align = "center"|SGH-Z620
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2007/5209.htm T - mobile]
|align = "center"|MDA Vario III
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Sept2006/3586.htm Sarian]
|align = "center"|Router
|align = "center"|HR4110 HSDPA router
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_04.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/August2006/3458.htm Centro technologies]
|align = "center"|RF HSDPA Test Cases
|align = "center"|MINT T1152-HSDPA
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:HSOPA_05.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|}

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

===Standards===
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP2 UMB technology ]]

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Products'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/oqo02-thumb.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/portable_devices/ultra_mobile_pcs/%3Fstart%3D25&h=259&w=250&sz=10&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=iPw46oQ3TpV5tM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=108&prev=/im OQO Inc]
|align = "center"|Ultra mobile PC
|align = "center"|OQO Model 2 ultra mobile
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_01.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/im.php/width/640/im/3637_7_3_Mobile_Mobile_Broadband_USB.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/pid%3B3637%3Btaxid%3B2136213053%3Bpt%3B1&h=426&w=640&sz=11&hl=en&start=13 3 Mobile]
|align = "center"|Broad band USB
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband USB modem
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_02.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=6598 Sprint]
|align = "center"|Mobile Broadband Card
|align = "center"|EV-DO card
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:3GPP2_UMB_03.jpeg|125 px]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://www.caviumnetworks.com/newsevents_caviumnetworks_Qualcomm.html Qualcomm]
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|N/A
|-
|}

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T09:10:56Z

Madhuri: /* WiMAX deal */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMAX Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMAX]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMAX - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.WiMAX-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMAX OR (Wi ADJ1 MAX))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:WiMAX_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===WiMAX deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMAX deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T09:10:22Z

Madhuri: /* WiMAX deal */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMAX Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMAX]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMAX - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.WiMAX-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMAX OR (Wi ADJ1 MAX))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:WiMAX_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===WiMAX deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMAX Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_WiMAX_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMAX deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMAX networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMAX deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T09:08:56Z

Madhuri: /* Wimax deal */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMAX Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMAX]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMAX - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.WiMAX-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMAX OR (Wi ADJ1 MAX))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:WiMAX_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===WiMAX deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-WiMAX-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMax Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_wimax_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMax deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMax networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMax deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T09:06:18Z

Madhuri: /* Products */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMAX Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMAX]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMAX - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.WiMAX-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMAX OR (Wi ADJ1 MAX))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:WiMAX_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===Wimax deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMax deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-wimax-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMax Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_wimax_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMax deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMax networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMax deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T09:04:51Z

Madhuri: /* WiMAX */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMAX
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMAX_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMAX Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMAX123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMAX]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMax technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMax - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.wimax-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMAX OR (Wi ADJ1 MAX))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:WiMAX_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===Wimax deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMax deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-wimax-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMax Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_wimax_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMax deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMax networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMax deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T08:58:56Z

Madhuri: /* WiBro */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMax users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMax users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMax
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMax_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMax Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMax123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMax]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMax equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMax equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMax equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
* [http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 Different products]

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMax OR (Wi ADJ1 Max))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:Wimax_upload.xls| Mobile Wimax spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX'''

[[Image:WiBro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMAX [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMAX wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===Wimax deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMax deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-wimax-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMax Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_wimax_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMax deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMax networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMax deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-17T08:55:38Z

Madhuri: /* HSOPA */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMAX
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMAX==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMax users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMax users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMax
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

'''IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:'''

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMax_mind12.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMax Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMax123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMax]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMax equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMax equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMax equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA
* 802.16 standards The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard. [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
* [http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=54 Different products]

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMax OR (Wi ADJ1 Max))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:Wimax_upload.xls| Mobile Wimax spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMax'''

[[Image:wibro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMax [http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]]]

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
'''Industry news:'''
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMax wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMAX'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

=== Conferences ===
* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']

* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]

* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]

* [http://www.wimaxstrategies2007.com/ WiMAX Strategies 2007]

* [http://www.gsm-3gworldseries.com/newt/l/gsm/events/meg GSM>3G ME - The Leading Middle Eastern Communications Event - Dubai, UAE]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/2007_events/world_forum Wi-MAX 2007]

* [http://www.ispcon.com/fall2007.php ISPCON fall - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-mea.com/ IPTV world forum - 2007 Middle East & Africa]

* [http://www.mobilenetx.com/index.shtml Mobile Internet World conference - 2007]

* [http://www.parksassociates.com/events/europe/home.htm Strategies for digital living markets - 2007 (Connections - Europe )]

* [http://www.iptv-asia.net/ IPTV Asia - 2007]

* [http://www.iptv-latinamerica.com/ IPTV World Forum Latin America 08]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/is14gen.htm WCA International Symposium & Business Expo]

* [http://www.iptv-forum.com/ IPTV World Forum 08]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/asia/ WiMAX Forum Congress Asia - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/europe WiMAX Forum Global Congress - 2008]

* [http://www.wimax-vision.com/newt/l/wimaxvision/events/usa WiMAX Forum Congress Americas - 2008]

* [http://www.wcai.com/event/08/08gen.htm WCA - 2008 Capitalizing on the 4G/Wi-MAX Eco-System]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/WBF2007_workshop_PF1.htm The Professionals Meridian Conferences]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/71883.html 'Broadband & Beyond' conference highlights WiMAX technology]

* [http://www.edn-europe.com/amsterdamconferenceaddresseswimaxtrendsandissues+article+1641+Europe.html Amsterdam conference addresses WiMAX trends and issues]

* [http://www.iec.org/events/2007/bbwf/conference/b4.html WiMAX — Financial, Services, Technology Trends for Service Providers]

* [http://wimaxshowcase.tca.org.tw/ 2007 WiMAX Forum Taipei Conference]

* [http://www.at4wireless.com/wimax_plugfest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest 4th MOBILE WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://sabb2007.tninternational.com/program.html The 1st South Asia Broadband Communications Congress & Expo]

* [http://www.tfci.com/cni/tema.htm India – Hub for Telecom Manufacturing & Exports]

* [http://www.assocham.org/ ASSOCHAM Frost & Sullivan International Conference on Broadband 2007]

* [http://www.communicasia.com/ CommunicAsia 2007]

* [http://europe.wimaxworld.com/ WiMAX World Europe 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 3rd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.convergenceindia.org/ 15th Convergence India 2007]

* [http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/ 2nd Mobile WiMAX Forum PlugFest]

* [http://www.indiatelecom.org/ India Telecom 2007]

* [http://www.meridianconferences.com/ WiMAX Focus]

===Wimax deal===

* [http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,22490539-15321,00.html Intel wins Nokia mobile WiMax deal]

* [http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2007-08-27-spring-samsung-new-york_N.htm Samsung, Sprint in WiMax deal for NYC]

* [http://seekingalpha.com/article/41543-clearwire-sprint-near-wimax-deal-wsj Clearwire, Sprint Near WiMax Deal -- WSJ]

* [http://telephonyonline.com/ctia/news/motorola_wimax_bts_032907/ CTIA: Moto wins ninth WiMAX deal; launches new BTS]

* [http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;505799818;fp;2;fpid;1 UK's picoChip wins WiMax deal with China's ICT]

* [http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=B8A941BD-1F01-485C-9288-4F3DD5E88BC3 Motorola has secured two contracts to build WiMax networks in Taipei, Taiwan.]

* [http://www.networksystemsdesignline.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199701426 Intel mum on WiMax deal in central China]

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2007/051807-nortel-toshiba.html Nortel, Toshiba in WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.redherring.com/Home/20590 Sprint, Nokia Ink WiMAX Deal]

* [http://www.ameinfo.com/130621.html Airspan, Umniah WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

* [http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/07/07/page1397-170032.asp Intel Makes Largest Investment Ever in WiMAX Deal with Clearwire and Motorola]

* [http://www.reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSL0521971220070405 Pipex pens WiMAX deal with Nokia Siemens Networks]

* [http://www.wirelessweek.com/article.aspx?id=146753 Nortel Scores WiMAX Deal in U.S.]

* [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20070831a2.html DoCoMo, Acca ready WiMAX deal]

* [http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum10/11658.htm AOL and Clearwire Seal WiMAX Deal]

* [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5862948/Nera-wins-Africa-WiMAX-deal.html Nera wins Africa WiMAX deal.]

4G wireless technology developments

2007-10-01T05:57:43Z

Madhuri: /* The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service */

{{TOCrightEx}}
== The Dolcera 4G Wireless Standards Subscription Service ==
Dolcera will track the following information for all 4G wireless standards continuously:
* Standards development (major milestones, announcements, specifications releases)
* Patent filings
* Products
* Spectrum availability, allocation and auctions around the world

* To subscribe, please email [mailto:info@dolcera.com info@dolcera.com].

* [http://usa.wimaxworld.com/ '''Wi-MAX world conference - 2008 in USA.''']
* [http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2007/09/18/idf_wimax_laptops/ Big-name vendors lined up to offer WiMAX laptops]
* [http://www.dailywireless.org/2006/05/30/mobile-wimax-the-attack-plan/ Mobile WiMAX: The Attack Plan]
* [http://www.zyxel.com/web/news_news.php?sqno=463 ZyXEL and Sprint sign deal for WiMAX customer premise equipment]

==Definition of 4G==

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

[[Background information]]

'''Standards supported by 4G:'''

* WiMax
* WiBro
* 3GPP Long Term Evolution
* HSOPA
* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

'''Services where 4G is used:'''

*Wireless broadband access
*Multimedia Messaging Service
*Video chat
*Mobile TV
*High definition TV content,
*DVB
*Minimal service like voice and data

'''Objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard:'''

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)
* High network capacity
* A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s at stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R
* A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network
* Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks
* High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc)
* Interoperability with the existing wireless standards
* An all IP, packet switched network

'''Access schemes:'''

* OFDMA
* Single Carrier FDMA
* MC-CDMA
===Technology overview===
Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

[[Image:4Gmindmap1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Overview]]

===Mobile technology roadmap===
[[Image:roadmap.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Roadmap]]

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG Road map]]]

==WiMax==
WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

=== Spectrum coverage by geography ===
Image below shows the spectrum for WiMax users World wide.
[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMax users World wide]]
Image below shows the sample of country wise spectrum allocation data. This information is form '''[http://maravedis-bwa.com Maravadis: Telecom market research & and analysis] '''.
[[Image:Spectrum-geography.jpg|center|800px|thumb|Spectrum for WiMax users World wide]]

===Standards===
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16.2-2004.pdf IEEE 802.16-2004 (802.16d)] addresses only fixed systems
# [http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16e-2005.pdf IEEE Std 802.16e-2005], also called mobile WiMax
#* 802.16e also bring Multiple Antenna Support through Multiple-input multiple-output communications. This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. 802.16e also adds a capability for full mobility support.
# WiMAX II, 802.16m will be proposed for IMT-Advanced 4G (future development)
#* 3GPP LTE and WiMAX-m are concentrating much effort on MIMO-AAS, mobile multi-hop relay networking and related developments needed to deliver 10X and higher Co-Channel reuse multiples.

IEEE 802.16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802.16-2004 by:

* Scaling of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (1.25-20 MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in a higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA).
* Improving NLOS coverage by utilizing advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid-Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ)
* Improving coverage by introducing Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology
* Increasing system gain by use of denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration
* Introducing high-performance coding techniques such as Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC), enhancing security and NLOS performance
* Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa
* Enhanced Fast Fourier Transform algorithm can tolerate larger delay spreads, increasing resistance to multipath interference
* Adding an extra QoS class (enhanced real-time Polling Service) more appropriate for VoIP applications.
* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]
====Technology mapping parameters====
[[Image:Mobile_WiMax_mind.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| [http://www.rncos.com/Report/COM26_toc.htm WiMax Mobility Access]]]

[[Image:QoS_WiMax123.jpg|center|800 px|thumbnail| QoS for WiMax]]

'''Market research data:'''
* Worldwide WiMAX equipment revenues are forecast to reach $3.26 billion in 2009
* Worldwide outdoor wireless mesh access node sales are forecast to reach $1.17 billion in 2009
* Samsung leads overall WiMAX equipment revenue share in 3Q06, ahead of Alvarion, Airspan, and Aperto Networks
* Strix Systems leads overall outdoor mesh revenue market share in 3Q06, just ahead of Tropos Networks and BelAir Networks
* 35% of WiMAX equipment sales come from Asia Pacific, 30% from EMEA, 20% from North America, and 14% from CALA
* 49% of wireless mesh access node sales come from North America, 25% from EMEA, 18% from Asia Pacific, and 8% from CALA

[http://www.bbwexchange.com/pubs/2006/12/05/page1421-371393.asp Source]
802.16 standards
The first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001. It delivered a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 10-66 GHz band, with only a Line of Sight (LOS) capability. It uses a single carrier (SC) physical (PHY) standard.

===Companies===
*[[List of companies]]

===Products===
Table below shows some of the products using WiMax technology.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.alvarion-usa.com/products/breezemax/ Alvarion]
|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BreezeMAX WiMax - base station
|BreezeMAX Macro Base
| 
[[Image:Document2_1.jpg]]

|-
|BreezeMAX Micro Base Station
| 
[[Image:Document2_2.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.wimax-industry.com/sp/wcm/axc/emap.htm Axxcelera]
|Base station
|EXCELMAX BASE STATION
| 
[[Image:Document2_3.jpg]]

|-
|[http://www.proxim.com/terabeam/products/teramax/index.html Proxim]
|TeraMax P2MP systems comprise base stations and clients, and include mounting hardware, Power over Ethernet (POE), and system management software.
|TeraMax P2MP
| 
[[Image:Document2_4.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|[http://www.airspan.com/products_group.aspx?ProductGroupID=1 Airspan]
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|AS.MAX - base stations
|Hiper MAX
|Not available
|-
|Macro MAX
|Not available
|-
|Micro MAX
|Not available
|-

|}

===IP information===
Search query and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Claims, Title or Abstract Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiMax OR (Wi ADJ1 Max))
|align = "center"|328
|-
|}

===Sample analysis===
[[Media:Wimax_upload.xls| Mobile Wimax spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==
WiBro is an acronym for wireless broadband and is actually a term that is in the process of being phased out in favor of the more collaborative and generic Mobile WiMAX.
* Korean standards makers early on adopted the term to describe their initiatives towards adopting a version of the 802.16e standard.
* Basically, the Korean standard chose to accept a specific mobile WiMAX iteration of 802.16e, rather than any future version that included backwards compatibility to fixed wireless 802.16 systems.
* Korea enjoys probably the most extensive 3G deployments in the world already, and its fixed broadband access per capita is the highest in the world. What it needed was an improved mobile broadband. In fact, the Korean government issued the first three deployment licenses for WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in January of 2005.
* WiBro/Mobile WiMAX in many respects is driving the mobile side of WiMAX at least from the point of view of vendors eager to provide products to these early deployments. This decision however, results in a backwards compatibility problem with Fixed WiMAX standards or 802.16-2004.
* The smooth interoperability of previous WiBro gear from Samsung with other vendors such as Motorola should be cemented this year as these two companies along with Intel have been chosen as the primary vendor for Sprint Nextel’s WiMAX deployment. The two companies clearly have a powerful incentive for their products to work seamlessly.

===Standards===
* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

'''WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMax'''

[[Image:wibro1.jpg|center|600px|thumb|WiBro vs. 802.16e/Mobile WiMax]]

[http://www.postech.ac.kr/department/cse/linus/home_kor/seminar/sin-posdata.pdf Source]
===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting WiBro technology]]
Industry news:
* South Korean telco SK Telecom and Wavesat, a Canadian developer of a WiMAX chipset, software and development platform have signed an agreement to cooperate in the development of WiBro/OFDMA technology for next generation mobile devices.
* Wavesat will work with SK Telecom (SKT) to develop WiBro/OFDMA systems-on-chips (SoCs), system tools and a development kit based on the WiBro 802.16e S-OFDMA profile. The U-mobile product portfolio from Wavesat will allow WiMax wireless system providers (OEMs/ODMs) worldwide to develop and deploy fully mobile WiMAX and WiBro solutions.[http://www.digitalmediaasia.com/default.asp?ArticleID=12523 Source]

===Products Overview===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Product'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Image'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Main category'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''Sub category'''
|-
|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|Samsung
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_01.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_02.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_03.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Access control Router
|align = "center"|[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_04.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Kisan Telecom
|align = "center"|Base station
|align = "center"|[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_05.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|i-River
|align = "center"|Mobile Station
|align = "center"|[http://www.mobilecomms-technology.com/projects/kt-corp/kt-corp2.html G10 games console]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_06.jpg]]

|-
|align = "center"|Korea Telekom
|align = "center"|USB modem
|align = "center"|[http://www.kt.co.kr/eng/New/pr_news_kt_view.jsp iPlug Premium ]
|align = "center"| 
[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

|-
|}

===IP information===
Search terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007 Any Classification: G06F OR G06Q OR G08G OR H04B OR H04K OR H04L OR H04N OR H04Q
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|(WiBro OR (Wi ADJ1 Bro))
|align = "center"|180
|-
|}

==3GPP Long Term Evolution==
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements.

* LTE focus is on Enhancement of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Optimisation of the UTRAN architecture.
* Downlink based on OFDMA (OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity, etc)
* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

'''Goals of 3GPP Long Term Evolution'''
* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum
* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)
* Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
* Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.25 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz) supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance
* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===
* [[List of companies supporting 3GPP technology and HSOPA]]
===Products===
=== IP information===
Search (Companied search for 3GPP LTE and HSOPA (super 3G) ) terms and result:
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Full patent spec. Years: 1991-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((3GPP ADj1 (LTE OR (Long ADJ1 Term ADJ1 Evolution))) OR (super ADJ1 3G))
|align = "center"|47
|-
|}

==HSOPA==
High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.
Features of HSOPA
HSOPA has the following features:
* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.
* Latency times of around 20 ms for round trip time from user terminal to RAN, approximately the same as a combined HSDPA/HSUPA system, but much better than "classic" W-CDMA.

'''Design'''

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

'''Difference: HOSPA - WiMax'''

While both WiMAX and the HSOPA use OFDM/OFDMA, HSOPA enhanced UMTS will most likely be optimized for wide area mobile voice communications. HSOPA will use OFDMA for the down-link and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for the up-link. WiMAX/802.16e-2005 uses OFDMA for both the up and down links.
SC-OFDM can maintain connections at longer distance but has lower bandwidth than OFDMA. However, WiMAX advocates perceive evolution of WBB as also shifting the 'architectural evolution' of wireless networks to more granular, symmetrical, higher bandwidth micro-cell and mobile multi-hop relay network topologies.
Multi-mode WiMAX plus CDMA and other technologies can work together to fulfill both long range, low bandwidth and shorter range, high bandwidth requirements on the basis of providing the user with 'always best connected' experience.

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==
UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) is the brand name for the project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements.The system employs OFDMA technology along with advanced antenna techniques to provide peak rates of up to 280 Mbit/s.

Goals for UMB:
* Improving system capacity
* Greatly increasing user data rates throughout the cell
* Lowering costs
* Enhancing existing services
* Making possible new applications, and
* Making use of new spectrum opportunities.

The technology will provide users with concurrent IP-based services in a full mobility environment. The UMB standardization is expected to be completed in mid 2007, with commercialization taking place around mid-2009.

'''Technology overview'''
* OFDMA-based air interface
* Frequency Division Duplex
* Scalable bandwidth between 1.25-20 MHz (OFDMA systems are especially well suited for wider bandwidths larger than 5 MHz)
* Supports mixed cell sizes, e.g., macro-cellular, micro-cellular & pico-cellular.
* IP network architecture
* Supports flat, centralized and mixed topologies
* Data speeds over 275 Mbit/s downstream and over 75 Mbit/s upstream

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_Mobile_Broadband Source]

[http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm More infromation]

'''Key features'''
* Multiple radio and advanced antenna techniques
*# Sophisticated control and signaling mechanisms (minimized) combine the best aspects of CDMA, TDM, OFDM, and OFDMA into a single air interface
*# Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
*# Improved interference management techniques
* Ultra-high mobile broadband peak data rates
*# Up to 280Mbps peak data rate on forward link
*# Up to 68Mbps peak data rate on reverse link
* Ultra-low network latency
*# An average of 16.8 msec (32-byte, RTT) end-to-end network latency
* Enhanced VoIP capacity and user experience
*# Up to 500 simultaneous VoIP users (10 MHz FDD allocations)
* Scalable IP-based flat or hierarchical architecture
*# Greater service deployment flexibility, improved performance, and lower cost of ownership
* Flexible spectrum allocations
*# Scalable, non-contiguous and dynamic channel (bandwidth) allocations
*# Support for bandwidth allocations of 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz
* Less power consumption
*# Improved battery life

[http://www.cdg.org/technology/3g_umb.asp Source]
===Companies===
These are some of the companies working in this particular area.
* Nokia
* LG
* RES in Motion
* Qualcomm
* Motorola
* Ericsson
* Samsung
* Interdigital
* Infineon Technologie

QUALCOMM has announced next generation chips. [http://ultramobileblog.com/category/ultra-mobile-broadband/ Source]

===IP information===
Search terms and results
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Search scope: US Granted US Applications EP-A EP-B WO JP (bibliographic data only) DE-C,B DE-A DE-T DE-U GB-A FR-A; Years: 2001-2007
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|Patents
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Claims, Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|76
|-
|align = "center"|((Ultra ADJ1 Mobile ADJ1 Broadband) OR 3GPP2) Title or Abstract
|align = "center"|22
|-
|}

File:WO2007083924A1.pdf

2007-09-24T07:53:45Z

Madhuri:

Background information

2007-09-24T07:48:51Z

Madhuri: /* Network entry and initialization */

=Background=
'''Defination of 4G'''
* The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.
==Block Diagram==

[[Image:block_diagram.gif|center|600px|thumb|Block Diagram]]

*'''Data:'''

::It defines the input data which we need to transmit over the channel. It can be any like audio, video, text data, audio and video together.

* '''Source encoder:'''

::It converts the input data like audio, video, text data to binary (0/1) data for transmission.

*'''Channel encoder/decoder:'''

::It is used to match the input data rate and channel data rate.The component<nowiki>’</nowiki>s design approach is called FEC (Forward Error Correction). This approach allows us to detect and correct the bit stream. It is important to bear in mind that the correction and detection of errors are not absolute but rather statistical. Thus our goal (as usual) is to minimize the BER. In this method, K original bits, which are also called informational bits, are replaced with new N<nowiki>></nowiki>K bits called code bits. The difference N-K represents the redundancy that has been added to the informational bits. The manner in which we produce the code bits is called channel code or ECC (Error Correcting Code).

*'''S/P (Serial to parallel converter):'''

:: We need to convert our data to parallel as here we are doing modulation of multiple bits simultaneously.

*'''Modulation:'''

::Here modulation is done by digital modulation schemes there are diff types of digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM etc.

*'''IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::IFFT converts the frequency domain waveforms into time domain. And as here we need to add the guard interval so we need the waves to be in time domain.

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::This block converts the parallel data into serial form as in next step we need to insert the guard time for that we have an data into serial form.

*'''Guard time insertion:'''

::Between every sub channel the guard interval is there to reduce the ISI (Inter Symbol Interference).

*'''Channel:'''

::channel is a medium used to convey the information between transmitter and receiver.

*'''Guard time removal:'''

::Used to remove the guard interval inserted between two sub channels.

*'''FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::Main this block converts the signals form the time domain to frequency domain.

*'''Demodulation:'''

::Demodulation blocks remove the subcahnnel carrier from received signal

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::After demodulation the signal should be in the sequence. This is performed by parallel to serial

*'''Source decoder:'''

::This block performs the digital to analog conversation.

*'''Data O/P:'''

::At the end of this block we get our original (transmitted) signal back.

===Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach===

[[Image:single carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node4.html '''Single carrier approch''']]]

* As per above figure the general structure of a single carrier transmission system is depicted. The transmitted symbols are pulse formed by a transmitter filter. After passing the multipath channel in the receiver a filter matched to the channel is used to maximize signal to noise ratio a the device used to extract the data.

* Figure below shows the general structure of a multicarrier system.

[[Image:multi carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node5.html '''Multi carrier approch''']]]

*One key principle of OFDM is that since low symbol rate modulation schemes (i.e. where the symbols are relatively long compared to the channel time characteristics) suffer less from intersymbol interference caused by multipath, it is advantageous to transmit a number of low-rate streams in parallel instead of a single high-rate stream. Since the duration of each symbol is long, it is feasible to insert a guard interval between the OFDM symbols, thus eliminating the intersymbol interference. The guard interval also eliminates the need for a pulse-shaping filter, and it reduces the sensitivity to time synchronization problems.

==Difference between FDM and OFDMA==
[[Image:Diff_wave_form.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/images/fig1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/index.html&h=208&w=383&sz=5&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=_EbqcjAiE_s27M:&tbnh=67&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOFDM%2B%252B%2BFDm%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Difference between FDM and OFDMA''']]]

[[Image:OFDMA Multi User Access.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''OFDMA Multi User Access''']]
*According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular OFDM digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the figure below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a method that allows to transmit high data rates over extremely hostile channels at a comparable low complexity. OFDM has been chosen as the transmission method for the European radio (DAB) and TV (DVB-T) standard. Due to its numerous advantages it is under Discussion for future broadband application such as wireless ATM as well.

[[Image:guard_band.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFDMA '''Subcarrier allocation''']]]

==Definition of slot==

* The definition of an OFDMA slot depends on the OFDMA symbol structure, which varies for up link and down link, for FUSC (Full Usage of sub channel) and PUSC (Partial Usage of sub channel), and for the distributed sub carrier permutations and the adjacent sub carrier permutation.

*For down link FUSC and down link optional FUSC using the distributed subcarrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one OFDMA symbol.
*For down link PUSC using the distributed sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by two OFDMA symbols.
*For up link PUSC using either of the distributed sub carrier permutations, and for down link TUSC1 and TUSC2 , one slot is one sub channel by three OFDMA symbols.
*For up link and down link using the adjacent sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one ,two, three, or six OFDMA symbols.

=='''Down link zone'''==

* Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the down link(in PUSC mode)

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to sub channels and symbols in the down link.jpeg|center|600px|thumb|'''Down link zone''']]

===Steps of OFDMA data mapping:===
# Segment the data after the modulation block into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and two one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA subchannel index is increased. When the edge of the Data Region is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA subchannel in the next available symbol.

=='''Up link zone'''==
*Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink.jpeg|center|600px|thumb| '''Up link zone''']]
===Steps for OFDMA data mapping===
* The UL mapping consists of two steps. In the first step, the OFDMA slots allocated to each burst are selected. In the second step, the allocated slots are mapped.

* Step 1—Allocate OFDMA slots to bursts.

# Segment the data into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA symbol index is increased. When the edge of the UL zone (which is marked with Zone_switch_IE) is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol in the next available subchannel.

* Step 2—Map OFDMA slots within the UL allocation.

# Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the Subchannel index is increased. When the last subchannel is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered subchannel in the next OFDMA symbol that belongs to the UL allocation. The resulting order is shown by the arrows in Figure.

=='''OFDMA frame structure'''==

[[Image:frame structure.jpeg|center|600px|thumb| '''OFDMA frame structure''']]

=='''Advantages'''==
*High spectral efficiency
*Resiliency to RF interference
*Lower multi-path distortion
*Reduced ISI
*Reduces crosstalk
*Can cope with severe channel condition
*Robust
*Good coverage
*High data rates

=QOS Management=

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "7"|'''Services'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS/AD'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g.VoIP)
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g. MPEG)
|align = "justify"|Non real time service(e.g. File transfer)
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Provides best service among all
|align = "justify"|When UGS in inactive UGS/AD will become active
|-
|align = "justify"|Fixed size data packet
|align = "justify"|Variable size data packet
|align = "justify"|variable size data packet(High B\W FTP)
|align = "justify"|combination of UGS and RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|Eliminate overhead & latency
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|Overhead and latency
|-
|align = "justify"|BS must provide fixed size of data grants
|align = "justify"|SS specify the size
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|SS not prohibited for argument
|BS must provide fixed size when activated as UGS and variable size when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments,
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for argument
|SS prohibited not for argument
|-
|align = "justify"|BS prohibited for unicast
|align = "justify"|BS only providede with unicast
|align = "justify"|BS provides periodic unicast on regular basis even during congestion
|align = "justify"|Multicast when activated as UGS and unicast when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "4"|'''Parameters:'''
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|Grants Per Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|-
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|-
|}

=Comparison between conventional invention and present invention=
==QoS==
===Network entry and initialization===
[[Image:Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN (including QoS negotiation).jpeg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology/WiMAX_IMT_2000/8F_1359.doc '''Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN(including QoS negotiation)''']]]

[[Image:Network Entry Process.jpg|center|600 px|thumb| [http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/sp07/80216.pdf '''Network Entry Process''']]]

[[Image:Signalling dia for Authentication.jpg|center|600 px|thumb|'''Signalling diagram for Authentication''']]

===Ranging===
::Ranging is the process which measures state of channel between Mobile station(MS) and Base station(BS).

'''Need'''
::Adjusting a correct time offset between a transmitter, e.g., an MS, and a receiver, e.g., a Base Station (BS), and for controlling power in an UpLink (UL).

'''Ranging Procedure:'''

# The mobile station receives uplink transmission parameters after acquiring downlink synchronization.
# The mobile station selects one of slots of ranging subchannels allocated within a frame structure and forwards ranging request message (RNG-REQ) to the base station using an initial ranging code.
# The base station receives the ranging request message and forwards all of required transmission parameter adjustment values and status information to the mobile station through ranging response message (RNG-RSP).
# If the status information indicates 'success,' the base station allocates uplink bandwidth for CDMA Allocation IE required to allow the mobile station to transmit the ranging request message (RNG-REQ). If the status information indicates 'continue,' the mobile station returns to the step 2) and repeats the steps until the status information indicates 'success.'

[[Image:Ranging Procedure.jpg|thumb|center|800 px|'''Ranging pocedure''']]

'''Ranging with bandwidth request:'''

==Parameters==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''QoS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Basic conventional TTI was not adaptable,it was concept of fixed TTI.
|align = "justify"|Here by knowing the protocol service used in QOS adaptivity is possible in TTI.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816807A1.pdf|EP1816807A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
|align = "justify"|Pilot signals are too less in uplink signals as compared to downlink so QOS is decreased.
|align = "justify"|Using precoding matrix determiner we can increase the pilot signals.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816815A1.pdf|EP1816815A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
|align = "justify"|Time consumed to transmit data from MAC layer to PHY layer is more.
|align = "justify"|Time consumed here is less as here the ARQ retransmission timer will start after HARQ retransmission.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1821446A2.pdf|EP1821446A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects cluster as per the BS broadcast of the pilot carrier
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier
|align = "center"|[[media:US7164669B2.pdf|US7164669B2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier to increase the quality.
|align = "justify"|Here SINR value, Base station ID, frequency of physical channel, and the channel quality measurement information are required to increase the quality.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1473956A2.pdf|EP1473956A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''6'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber station authentication method, a protocol configuration method, and a device thereof in a wireless portable Internet system for allowing authentication was not allowed during handover.
|align = "justify"|Authentication from subscriber station in wireless portable network system is allowed, comprises of two steps: (1) SS transmitts basic capability negotiatiiion message (SBC-REQ) to BS. (2) SS receives a reply message (SBC-RSP) on the basic capability negotiation message from the BS.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070210894.pdf|US20070210894]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''7'''
|align = "justify"|BS allocates resources to the MS on the assumption that MS is in the worst channel so BS cannot know the channel state of an MS.
|align = "justify"|The initial ranging is performed after a BS request in order to acquire synchronization between the BS and the MS on the basis of UL-MAP with IE.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070202882.pdf|US20070202882]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''8'''
|align = "justify"|In conventional invention for ranging response RNS_RSP signal is needed. That is nothing but delay in the uplink traffic transmission.
|align = "justify"|1.) Reducing the delay in uplink data transmission of portable subscriber station by including a ranging parameter for bandwidth request code in UL_MAP and eliminating RNG_RSP.

2.) In addition ranging process additionally performed with bandwidth request.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007037633A1.pdf|WO2007037633]]
|-
|}

==Frame structure==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Frame structure'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Switching noise in the oscillation signal can<nowiki>’</nowiki>t be removed and detection of the failure was not possible.
|align = "justify"|Isolation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of the switching noise and alarm circuit is also provided for the detection of the failure of the oscillation signal.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007083924A1.pdf|WO2007083924A1]]
|-
|}

==Connectivity==

Background information

2007-09-24T07:48:01Z

Madhuri: /* '''OFDMA frame structure''' */

=Background=
'''Defination of 4G'''
* The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.
==Block Diagram==

[[Image:block_diagram.gif|center|600px|thumb|Block Diagram]]

*'''Data:'''

::It defines the input data which we need to transmit over the channel. It can be any like audio, video, text data, audio and video together.

* '''Source encoder:'''

::It converts the input data like audio, video, text data to binary (0/1) data for transmission.

*'''Channel encoder/decoder:'''

::It is used to match the input data rate and channel data rate.The component<nowiki>’</nowiki>s design approach is called FEC (Forward Error Correction). This approach allows us to detect and correct the bit stream. It is important to bear in mind that the correction and detection of errors are not absolute but rather statistical. Thus our goal (as usual) is to minimize the BER. In this method, K original bits, which are also called informational bits, are replaced with new N<nowiki>></nowiki>K bits called code bits. The difference N-K represents the redundancy that has been added to the informational bits. The manner in which we produce the code bits is called channel code or ECC (Error Correcting Code).

*'''S/P (Serial to parallel converter):'''

:: We need to convert our data to parallel as here we are doing modulation of multiple bits simultaneously.

*'''Modulation:'''

::Here modulation is done by digital modulation schemes there are diff types of digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM etc.

*'''IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::IFFT converts the frequency domain waveforms into time domain. And as here we need to add the guard interval so we need the waves to be in time domain.

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::This block converts the parallel data into serial form as in next step we need to insert the guard time for that we have an data into serial form.

*'''Guard time insertion:'''

::Between every sub channel the guard interval is there to reduce the ISI (Inter Symbol Interference).

*'''Channel:'''

::channel is a medium used to convey the information between transmitter and receiver.

*'''Guard time removal:'''

::Used to remove the guard interval inserted between two sub channels.

*'''FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::Main this block converts the signals form the time domain to frequency domain.

*'''Demodulation:'''

::Demodulation blocks remove the subcahnnel carrier from received signal

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::After demodulation the signal should be in the sequence. This is performed by parallel to serial

*'''Source decoder:'''

::This block performs the digital to analog conversation.

*'''Data O/P:'''

::At the end of this block we get our original (transmitted) signal back.

===Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach===

[[Image:single carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node4.html '''Single carrier approch''']]]

* As per above figure the general structure of a single carrier transmission system is depicted. The transmitted symbols are pulse formed by a transmitter filter. After passing the multipath channel in the receiver a filter matched to the channel is used to maximize signal to noise ratio a the device used to extract the data.

* Figure below shows the general structure of a multicarrier system.

[[Image:multi carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node5.html '''Multi carrier approch''']]]

*One key principle of OFDM is that since low symbol rate modulation schemes (i.e. where the symbols are relatively long compared to the channel time characteristics) suffer less from intersymbol interference caused by multipath, it is advantageous to transmit a number of low-rate streams in parallel instead of a single high-rate stream. Since the duration of each symbol is long, it is feasible to insert a guard interval between the OFDM symbols, thus eliminating the intersymbol interference. The guard interval also eliminates the need for a pulse-shaping filter, and it reduces the sensitivity to time synchronization problems.

==Difference between FDM and OFDMA==
[[Image:Diff_wave_form.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/images/fig1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/index.html&h=208&w=383&sz=5&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=_EbqcjAiE_s27M:&tbnh=67&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOFDM%2B%252B%2BFDm%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Difference between FDM and OFDMA''']]]

[[Image:OFDMA Multi User Access.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''OFDMA Multi User Access''']]
*According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular OFDM digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the figure below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a method that allows to transmit high data rates over extremely hostile channels at a comparable low complexity. OFDM has been chosen as the transmission method for the European radio (DAB) and TV (DVB-T) standard. Due to its numerous advantages it is under Discussion for future broadband application such as wireless ATM as well.

[[Image:guard_band.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFDMA '''Subcarrier allocation''']]]

==Definition of slot==

* The definition of an OFDMA slot depends on the OFDMA symbol structure, which varies for up link and down link, for FUSC (Full Usage of sub channel) and PUSC (Partial Usage of sub channel), and for the distributed sub carrier permutations and the adjacent sub carrier permutation.

*For down link FUSC and down link optional FUSC using the distributed subcarrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one OFDMA symbol.
*For down link PUSC using the distributed sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by two OFDMA symbols.
*For up link PUSC using either of the distributed sub carrier permutations, and for down link TUSC1 and TUSC2 , one slot is one sub channel by three OFDMA symbols.
*For up link and down link using the adjacent sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one ,two, three, or six OFDMA symbols.

=='''Down link zone'''==

* Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the down link(in PUSC mode)

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to sub channels and symbols in the down link.jpeg|center|600px|thumb|'''Down link zone''']]

===Steps of OFDMA data mapping:===
# Segment the data after the modulation block into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and two one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA subchannel index is increased. When the edge of the Data Region is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA subchannel in the next available symbol.

=='''Up link zone'''==
*Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink.jpeg|center|600px|thumb| '''Up link zone''']]
===Steps for OFDMA data mapping===
* The UL mapping consists of two steps. In the first step, the OFDMA slots allocated to each burst are selected. In the second step, the allocated slots are mapped.

* Step 1—Allocate OFDMA slots to bursts.

# Segment the data into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA symbol index is increased. When the edge of the UL zone (which is marked with Zone_switch_IE) is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol in the next available subchannel.

* Step 2—Map OFDMA slots within the UL allocation.

# Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the Subchannel index is increased. When the last subchannel is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered subchannel in the next OFDMA symbol that belongs to the UL allocation. The resulting order is shown by the arrows in Figure.

=='''OFDMA frame structure'''==

[[Image:frame structure.jpeg|center|600px|thumb| '''OFDMA frame structure''']]

=='''Advantages'''==
*High spectral efficiency
*Resiliency to RF interference
*Lower multi-path distortion
*Reduced ISI
*Reduces crosstalk
*Can cope with severe channel condition
*Robust
*Good coverage
*High data rates

=QOS Management=

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "7"|'''Services'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS/AD'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g.VoIP)
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g. MPEG)
|align = "justify"|Non real time service(e.g. File transfer)
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Provides best service among all
|align = "justify"|When UGS in inactive UGS/AD will become active
|-
|align = "justify"|Fixed size data packet
|align = "justify"|Variable size data packet
|align = "justify"|variable size data packet(High B\W FTP)
|align = "justify"|combination of UGS and RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|Eliminate overhead & latency
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|Overhead and latency
|-
|align = "justify"|BS must provide fixed size of data grants
|align = "justify"|SS specify the size
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|SS not prohibited for argument
|BS must provide fixed size when activated as UGS and variable size when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments,
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for argument
|SS prohibited not for argument
|-
|align = "justify"|BS prohibited for unicast
|align = "justify"|BS only providede with unicast
|align = "justify"|BS provides periodic unicast on regular basis even during congestion
|align = "justify"|Multicast when activated as UGS and unicast when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "4"|'''Parameters:'''
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|Grants Per Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|-
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|-
|}

=Comparison between conventional invention and present invention=
==QoS==
===Network entry and initialization===
[[Image:Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN (including QoS negotiation).jpeg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology/WiMAX_IMT_2000/8F_1359.doc '''Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN(including QoS negotiation)''']]]

[[Image:Network Entry Process.jpg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/sp07/80216.pdf '''Network Entry Process''']]]

[[Image:Signalling dia for Authentication.jpg|center|800 px|thumb|'''Signalling diagram for Authentication''']]

===Ranging===
::Ranging is the process which measures state of channel between Mobile station(MS) and Base station(BS).

'''Need'''
::Adjusting a correct time offset between a transmitter, e.g., an MS, and a receiver, e.g., a Base Station (BS), and for controlling power in an UpLink (UL).

'''Ranging Procedure:'''

# The mobile station receives uplink transmission parameters after acquiring downlink synchronization.
# The mobile station selects one of slots of ranging subchannels allocated within a frame structure and forwards ranging request message (RNG-REQ) to the base station using an initial ranging code.
# The base station receives the ranging request message and forwards all of required transmission parameter adjustment values and status information to the mobile station through ranging response message (RNG-RSP).
# If the status information indicates 'success,' the base station allocates uplink bandwidth for CDMA Allocation IE required to allow the mobile station to transmit the ranging request message (RNG-REQ). If the status information indicates 'continue,' the mobile station returns to the step 2) and repeats the steps until the status information indicates 'success.'

[[Image:Ranging Procedure.jpg|thumb|center|800 px|'''Ranging pocedure''']]

'''Ranging with bandwidth request:'''

==Parameters==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''QoS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Basic conventional TTI was not adaptable,it was concept of fixed TTI.
|align = "justify"|Here by knowing the protocol service used in QOS adaptivity is possible in TTI.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816807A1.pdf|EP1816807A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
|align = "justify"|Pilot signals are too less in uplink signals as compared to downlink so QOS is decreased.
|align = "justify"|Using precoding matrix determiner we can increase the pilot signals.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816815A1.pdf|EP1816815A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
|align = "justify"|Time consumed to transmit data from MAC layer to PHY layer is more.
|align = "justify"|Time consumed here is less as here the ARQ retransmission timer will start after HARQ retransmission.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1821446A2.pdf|EP1821446A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects cluster as per the BS broadcast of the pilot carrier
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier
|align = "center"|[[media:US7164669B2.pdf|US7164669B2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier to increase the quality.
|align = "justify"|Here SINR value, Base station ID, frequency of physical channel, and the channel quality measurement information are required to increase the quality.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1473956A2.pdf|EP1473956A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''6'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber station authentication method, a protocol configuration method, and a device thereof in a wireless portable Internet system for allowing authentication was not allowed during handover.
|align = "justify"|Authentication from subscriber station in wireless portable network system is allowed, comprises of two steps: (1) SS transmitts basic capability negotiatiiion message (SBC-REQ) to BS. (2) SS receives a reply message (SBC-RSP) on the basic capability negotiation message from the BS.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070210894.pdf|US20070210894]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''7'''
|align = "justify"|BS allocates resources to the MS on the assumption that MS is in the worst channel so BS cannot know the channel state of an MS.
|align = "justify"|The initial ranging is performed after a BS request in order to acquire synchronization between the BS and the MS on the basis of UL-MAP with IE.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070202882.pdf|US20070202882]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''8'''
|align = "justify"|In conventional invention for ranging response RNS_RSP signal is needed. That is nothing but delay in the uplink traffic transmission.
|align = "justify"|1.) Reducing the delay in uplink data transmission of portable subscriber station by including a ranging parameter for bandwidth request code in UL_MAP and eliminating RNG_RSP.

2.) In addition ranging process additionally performed with bandwidth request.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007037633A1.pdf|WO2007037633]]
|-
|}

==Frame structure==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Frame structure'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Switching noise in the oscillation signal can<nowiki>’</nowiki>t be removed and detection of the failure was not possible.
|align = "justify"|Isolation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of the switching noise and alarm circuit is also provided for the detection of the failure of the oscillation signal.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007083924A1.pdf|WO2007083924A1]]
|-
|}

==Connectivity==

Background information

2007-09-24T07:46:47Z

Madhuri: /* '''Up link zone''' */

=Background=
'''Defination of 4G'''
* The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.
==Block Diagram==

[[Image:block_diagram.gif|center|600px|thumb|Block Diagram]]

*'''Data:'''

::It defines the input data which we need to transmit over the channel. It can be any like audio, video, text data, audio and video together.

* '''Source encoder:'''

::It converts the input data like audio, video, text data to binary (0/1) data for transmission.

*'''Channel encoder/decoder:'''

::It is used to match the input data rate and channel data rate.The component<nowiki>’</nowiki>s design approach is called FEC (Forward Error Correction). This approach allows us to detect and correct the bit stream. It is important to bear in mind that the correction and detection of errors are not absolute but rather statistical. Thus our goal (as usual) is to minimize the BER. In this method, K original bits, which are also called informational bits, are replaced with new N<nowiki>></nowiki>K bits called code bits. The difference N-K represents the redundancy that has been added to the informational bits. The manner in which we produce the code bits is called channel code or ECC (Error Correcting Code).

*'''S/P (Serial to parallel converter):'''

:: We need to convert our data to parallel as here we are doing modulation of multiple bits simultaneously.

*'''Modulation:'''

::Here modulation is done by digital modulation schemes there are diff types of digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM etc.

*'''IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::IFFT converts the frequency domain waveforms into time domain. And as here we need to add the guard interval so we need the waves to be in time domain.

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::This block converts the parallel data into serial form as in next step we need to insert the guard time for that we have an data into serial form.

*'''Guard time insertion:'''

::Between every sub channel the guard interval is there to reduce the ISI (Inter Symbol Interference).

*'''Channel:'''

::channel is a medium used to convey the information between transmitter and receiver.

*'''Guard time removal:'''

::Used to remove the guard interval inserted between two sub channels.

*'''FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::Main this block converts the signals form the time domain to frequency domain.

*'''Demodulation:'''

::Demodulation blocks remove the subcahnnel carrier from received signal

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::After demodulation the signal should be in the sequence. This is performed by parallel to serial

*'''Source decoder:'''

::This block performs the digital to analog conversation.

*'''Data O/P:'''

::At the end of this block we get our original (transmitted) signal back.

===Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach===

[[Image:single carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node4.html '''Single carrier approch''']]]

* As per above figure the general structure of a single carrier transmission system is depicted. The transmitted symbols are pulse formed by a transmitter filter. After passing the multipath channel in the receiver a filter matched to the channel is used to maximize signal to noise ratio a the device used to extract the data.

* Figure below shows the general structure of a multicarrier system.

[[Image:multi carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node5.html '''Multi carrier approch''']]]

*One key principle of OFDM is that since low symbol rate modulation schemes (i.e. where the symbols are relatively long compared to the channel time characteristics) suffer less from intersymbol interference caused by multipath, it is advantageous to transmit a number of low-rate streams in parallel instead of a single high-rate stream. Since the duration of each symbol is long, it is feasible to insert a guard interval between the OFDM symbols, thus eliminating the intersymbol interference. The guard interval also eliminates the need for a pulse-shaping filter, and it reduces the sensitivity to time synchronization problems.

==Difference between FDM and OFDMA==
[[Image:Diff_wave_form.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/images/fig1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/index.html&h=208&w=383&sz=5&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=_EbqcjAiE_s27M:&tbnh=67&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOFDM%2B%252B%2BFDm%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Difference between FDM and OFDMA''']]]

[[Image:OFDMA Multi User Access.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''OFDMA Multi User Access''']]
*According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular OFDM digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the figure below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a method that allows to transmit high data rates over extremely hostile channels at a comparable low complexity. OFDM has been chosen as the transmission method for the European radio (DAB) and TV (DVB-T) standard. Due to its numerous advantages it is under Discussion for future broadband application such as wireless ATM as well.

[[Image:guard_band.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFDMA '''Subcarrier allocation''']]]

==Definition of slot==

* The definition of an OFDMA slot depends on the OFDMA symbol structure, which varies for up link and down link, for FUSC (Full Usage of sub channel) and PUSC (Partial Usage of sub channel), and for the distributed sub carrier permutations and the adjacent sub carrier permutation.

*For down link FUSC and down link optional FUSC using the distributed subcarrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one OFDMA symbol.
*For down link PUSC using the distributed sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by two OFDMA symbols.
*For up link PUSC using either of the distributed sub carrier permutations, and for down link TUSC1 and TUSC2 , one slot is one sub channel by three OFDMA symbols.
*For up link and down link using the adjacent sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one ,two, three, or six OFDMA symbols.

=='''Down link zone'''==

* Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the down link(in PUSC mode)

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to sub channels and symbols in the down link.jpeg|center|600px|thumb|'''Down link zone''']]

===Steps of OFDMA data mapping:===
# Segment the data after the modulation block into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and two one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA subchannel index is increased. When the edge of the Data Region is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA subchannel in the next available symbol.

=='''Up link zone'''==
*Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink.jpeg|center|600px|thumb| '''Up link zone''']]
===Steps for OFDMA data mapping===
* The UL mapping consists of two steps. In the first step, the OFDMA slots allocated to each burst are selected. In the second step, the allocated slots are mapped.

* Step 1—Allocate OFDMA slots to bursts.

# Segment the data into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA symbol index is increased. When the edge of the UL zone (which is marked with Zone_switch_IE) is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol in the next available subchannel.

* Step 2—Map OFDMA slots within the UL allocation.

# Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the Subchannel index is increased. When the last subchannel is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered subchannel in the next OFDMA symbol that belongs to the UL allocation. The resulting order is shown by the arrows in Figure.

=='''OFDMA frame structure'''==

[[Image:frame structure.jpeg|center|800px|thumb| '''OFDMA frame structure''']]

=='''Advantages'''==
*High spectral efficiency
*Resiliency to RF interference
*Lower multi-path distortion
*Reduced ISI
*Reduces crosstalk
*Can cope with severe channel condition
*Robust
*Good coverage
*High data rates

=QOS Management=

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "7"|'''Services'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS/AD'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g.VoIP)
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g. MPEG)
|align = "justify"|Non real time service(e.g. File transfer)
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Provides best service among all
|align = "justify"|When UGS in inactive UGS/AD will become active
|-
|align = "justify"|Fixed size data packet
|align = "justify"|Variable size data packet
|align = "justify"|variable size data packet(High B\W FTP)
|align = "justify"|combination of UGS and RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|Eliminate overhead & latency
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|Overhead and latency
|-
|align = "justify"|BS must provide fixed size of data grants
|align = "justify"|SS specify the size
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|SS not prohibited for argument
|BS must provide fixed size when activated as UGS and variable size when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments,
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for argument
|SS prohibited not for argument
|-
|align = "justify"|BS prohibited for unicast
|align = "justify"|BS only providede with unicast
|align = "justify"|BS provides periodic unicast on regular basis even during congestion
|align = "justify"|Multicast when activated as UGS and unicast when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "4"|'''Parameters:'''
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|Grants Per Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|-
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|-
|}

=Comparison between conventional invention and present invention=
==QoS==
===Network entry and initialization===
[[Image:Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN (including QoS negotiation).jpeg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology/WiMAX_IMT_2000/8F_1359.doc '''Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN(including QoS negotiation)''']]]

[[Image:Network Entry Process.jpg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/sp07/80216.pdf '''Network Entry Process''']]]

[[Image:Signalling dia for Authentication.jpg|center|800 px|thumb|'''Signalling diagram for Authentication''']]

===Ranging===
::Ranging is the process which measures state of channel between Mobile station(MS) and Base station(BS).

'''Need'''
::Adjusting a correct time offset between a transmitter, e.g., an MS, and a receiver, e.g., a Base Station (BS), and for controlling power in an UpLink (UL).

'''Ranging Procedure:'''

# The mobile station receives uplink transmission parameters after acquiring downlink synchronization.
# The mobile station selects one of slots of ranging subchannels allocated within a frame structure and forwards ranging request message (RNG-REQ) to the base station using an initial ranging code.
# The base station receives the ranging request message and forwards all of required transmission parameter adjustment values and status information to the mobile station through ranging response message (RNG-RSP).
# If the status information indicates 'success,' the base station allocates uplink bandwidth for CDMA Allocation IE required to allow the mobile station to transmit the ranging request message (RNG-REQ). If the status information indicates 'continue,' the mobile station returns to the step 2) and repeats the steps until the status information indicates 'success.'

[[Image:Ranging Procedure.jpg|thumb|center|800 px|'''Ranging pocedure''']]

'''Ranging with bandwidth request:'''

==Parameters==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''QoS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Basic conventional TTI was not adaptable,it was concept of fixed TTI.
|align = "justify"|Here by knowing the protocol service used in QOS adaptivity is possible in TTI.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816807A1.pdf|EP1816807A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
|align = "justify"|Pilot signals are too less in uplink signals as compared to downlink so QOS is decreased.
|align = "justify"|Using precoding matrix determiner we can increase the pilot signals.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816815A1.pdf|EP1816815A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
|align = "justify"|Time consumed to transmit data from MAC layer to PHY layer is more.
|align = "justify"|Time consumed here is less as here the ARQ retransmission timer will start after HARQ retransmission.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1821446A2.pdf|EP1821446A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects cluster as per the BS broadcast of the pilot carrier
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier
|align = "center"|[[media:US7164669B2.pdf|US7164669B2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier to increase the quality.
|align = "justify"|Here SINR value, Base station ID, frequency of physical channel, and the channel quality measurement information are required to increase the quality.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1473956A2.pdf|EP1473956A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''6'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber station authentication method, a protocol configuration method, and a device thereof in a wireless portable Internet system for allowing authentication was not allowed during handover.
|align = "justify"|Authentication from subscriber station in wireless portable network system is allowed, comprises of two steps: (1) SS transmitts basic capability negotiatiiion message (SBC-REQ) to BS. (2) SS receives a reply message (SBC-RSP) on the basic capability negotiation message from the BS.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070210894.pdf|US20070210894]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''7'''
|align = "justify"|BS allocates resources to the MS on the assumption that MS is in the worst channel so BS cannot know the channel state of an MS.
|align = "justify"|The initial ranging is performed after a BS request in order to acquire synchronization between the BS and the MS on the basis of UL-MAP with IE.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070202882.pdf|US20070202882]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''8'''
|align = "justify"|In conventional invention for ranging response RNS_RSP signal is needed. That is nothing but delay in the uplink traffic transmission.
|align = "justify"|1.) Reducing the delay in uplink data transmission of portable subscriber station by including a ranging parameter for bandwidth request code in UL_MAP and eliminating RNG_RSP.

2.) In addition ranging process additionally performed with bandwidth request.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007037633A1.pdf|WO2007037633]]
|-
|}

==Frame structure==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Frame structure'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Switching noise in the oscillation signal can<nowiki>’</nowiki>t be removed and detection of the failure was not possible.
|align = "justify"|Isolation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of the switching noise and alarm circuit is also provided for the detection of the failure of the oscillation signal.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007083924A1.pdf|WO2007083924A1]]
|-
|}

==Connectivity==

Background information

2007-09-24T07:45:58Z

Madhuri: /* Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach */

=Background=
'''Defination of 4G'''
* The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.
==Block Diagram==

[[Image:block_diagram.gif|center|600px|thumb|Block Diagram]]

*'''Data:'''

::It defines the input data which we need to transmit over the channel. It can be any like audio, video, text data, audio and video together.

* '''Source encoder:'''

::It converts the input data like audio, video, text data to binary (0/1) data for transmission.

*'''Channel encoder/decoder:'''

::It is used to match the input data rate and channel data rate.The component<nowiki>’</nowiki>s design approach is called FEC (Forward Error Correction). This approach allows us to detect and correct the bit stream. It is important to bear in mind that the correction and detection of errors are not absolute but rather statistical. Thus our goal (as usual) is to minimize the BER. In this method, K original bits, which are also called informational bits, are replaced with new N<nowiki>></nowiki>K bits called code bits. The difference N-K represents the redundancy that has been added to the informational bits. The manner in which we produce the code bits is called channel code or ECC (Error Correcting Code).

*'''S/P (Serial to parallel converter):'''

:: We need to convert our data to parallel as here we are doing modulation of multiple bits simultaneously.

*'''Modulation:'''

::Here modulation is done by digital modulation schemes there are diff types of digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM etc.

*'''IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::IFFT converts the frequency domain waveforms into time domain. And as here we need to add the guard interval so we need the waves to be in time domain.

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::This block converts the parallel data into serial form as in next step we need to insert the guard time for that we have an data into serial form.

*'''Guard time insertion:'''

::Between every sub channel the guard interval is there to reduce the ISI (Inter Symbol Interference).

*'''Channel:'''

::channel is a medium used to convey the information between transmitter and receiver.

*'''Guard time removal:'''

::Used to remove the guard interval inserted between two sub channels.

*'''FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::Main this block converts the signals form the time domain to frequency domain.

*'''Demodulation:'''

::Demodulation blocks remove the subcahnnel carrier from received signal

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::After demodulation the signal should be in the sequence. This is performed by parallel to serial

*'''Source decoder:'''

::This block performs the digital to analog conversation.

*'''Data O/P:'''

::At the end of this block we get our original (transmitted) signal back.

===Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach===

[[Image:single carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node4.html '''Single carrier approch''']]]

* As per above figure the general structure of a single carrier transmission system is depicted. The transmitted symbols are pulse formed by a transmitter filter. After passing the multipath channel in the receiver a filter matched to the channel is used to maximize signal to noise ratio a the device used to extract the data.

* Figure below shows the general structure of a multicarrier system.

[[Image:multi carrier approch.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node5.html '''Multi carrier approch''']]]

*One key principle of OFDM is that since low symbol rate modulation schemes (i.e. where the symbols are relatively long compared to the channel time characteristics) suffer less from intersymbol interference caused by multipath, it is advantageous to transmit a number of low-rate streams in parallel instead of a single high-rate stream. Since the duration of each symbol is long, it is feasible to insert a guard interval between the OFDM symbols, thus eliminating the intersymbol interference. The guard interval also eliminates the need for a pulse-shaping filter, and it reduces the sensitivity to time synchronization problems.

==Difference between FDM and OFDMA==
[[Image:Diff_wave_form.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/images/fig1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/index.html&h=208&w=383&sz=5&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=_EbqcjAiE_s27M:&tbnh=67&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOFDM%2B%252B%2BFDm%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Difference between FDM and OFDMA''']]]

[[Image:OFDMA Multi User Access.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''OFDMA Multi User Access''']]
*According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular OFDM digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the figure below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a method that allows to transmit high data rates over extremely hostile channels at a comparable low complexity. OFDM has been chosen as the transmission method for the European radio (DAB) and TV (DVB-T) standard. Due to its numerous advantages it is under Discussion for future broadband application such as wireless ATM as well.

[[Image:guard_band.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFDMA '''Subcarrier allocation''']]]

==Definition of slot==

* The definition of an OFDMA slot depends on the OFDMA symbol structure, which varies for up link and down link, for FUSC (Full Usage of sub channel) and PUSC (Partial Usage of sub channel), and for the distributed sub carrier permutations and the adjacent sub carrier permutation.

*For down link FUSC and down link optional FUSC using the distributed subcarrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one OFDMA symbol.
*For down link PUSC using the distributed sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by two OFDMA symbols.
*For up link PUSC using either of the distributed sub carrier permutations, and for down link TUSC1 and TUSC2 , one slot is one sub channel by three OFDMA symbols.
*For up link and down link using the adjacent sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one ,two, three, or six OFDMA symbols.

=='''Down link zone'''==

* Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the down link(in PUSC mode)

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to sub channels and symbols in the down link.jpeg|center|600px|thumb|'''Down link zone''']]

===Steps of OFDMA data mapping:===
# Segment the data after the modulation block into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and two one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA subchannel index is increased. When the edge of the Data Region is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA subchannel in the next available symbol.

=='''Up link zone'''==
*Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink.jpeg|center|800px|thumb| '''Up link zone''']]
===Steps for OFDMA data mapping===
* The UL mapping consists of two steps. In the first step, the OFDMA slots allocated to each burst are selected. In the second step, the allocated slots are mapped.

* Step 1—Allocate OFDMA slots to bursts.

# Segment the data into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA symbol index is increased. When the edge of the UL zone (which is marked with Zone_switch_IE) is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol in the next available subchannel.

* Step 2—Map OFDMA slots within the UL allocation.

# Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the Subchannel index is increased. When the last subchannel is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered subchannel in the next OFDMA symbol that belongs to the UL allocation. The resulting order is shown by the arrows in Figure.

=='''OFDMA frame structure'''==

[[Image:frame structure.jpeg|center|800px|thumb| '''OFDMA frame structure''']]

=='''Advantages'''==
*High spectral efficiency
*Resiliency to RF interference
*Lower multi-path distortion
*Reduced ISI
*Reduces crosstalk
*Can cope with severe channel condition
*Robust
*Good coverage
*High data rates

=QOS Management=

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "7"|'''Services'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS/AD'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g.VoIP)
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g. MPEG)
|align = "justify"|Non real time service(e.g. File transfer)
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Provides best service among all
|align = "justify"|When UGS in inactive UGS/AD will become active
|-
|align = "justify"|Fixed size data packet
|align = "justify"|Variable size data packet
|align = "justify"|variable size data packet(High B\W FTP)
|align = "justify"|combination of UGS and RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|Eliminate overhead & latency
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|Overhead and latency
|-
|align = "justify"|BS must provide fixed size of data grants
|align = "justify"|SS specify the size
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|SS not prohibited for argument
|BS must provide fixed size when activated as UGS and variable size when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments,
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for argument
|SS prohibited not for argument
|-
|align = "justify"|BS prohibited for unicast
|align = "justify"|BS only providede with unicast
|align = "justify"|BS provides periodic unicast on regular basis even during congestion
|align = "justify"|Multicast when activated as UGS and unicast when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "4"|'''Parameters:'''
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|Grants Per Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|-
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|-
|}

=Comparison between conventional invention and present invention=
==QoS==
===Network entry and initialization===
[[Image:Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN (including QoS negotiation).jpeg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology/WiMAX_IMT_2000/8F_1359.doc '''Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN(including QoS negotiation)''']]]

[[Image:Network Entry Process.jpg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/sp07/80216.pdf '''Network Entry Process''']]]

[[Image:Signalling dia for Authentication.jpg|center|800 px|thumb|'''Signalling diagram for Authentication''']]

===Ranging===
::Ranging is the process which measures state of channel between Mobile station(MS) and Base station(BS).

'''Need'''
::Adjusting a correct time offset between a transmitter, e.g., an MS, and a receiver, e.g., a Base Station (BS), and for controlling power in an UpLink (UL).

'''Ranging Procedure:'''

# The mobile station receives uplink transmission parameters after acquiring downlink synchronization.
# The mobile station selects one of slots of ranging subchannels allocated within a frame structure and forwards ranging request message (RNG-REQ) to the base station using an initial ranging code.
# The base station receives the ranging request message and forwards all of required transmission parameter adjustment values and status information to the mobile station through ranging response message (RNG-RSP).
# If the status information indicates 'success,' the base station allocates uplink bandwidth for CDMA Allocation IE required to allow the mobile station to transmit the ranging request message (RNG-REQ). If the status information indicates 'continue,' the mobile station returns to the step 2) and repeats the steps until the status information indicates 'success.'

[[Image:Ranging Procedure.jpg|thumb|center|800 px|'''Ranging pocedure''']]

'''Ranging with bandwidth request:'''

==Parameters==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''QoS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Basic conventional TTI was not adaptable,it was concept of fixed TTI.
|align = "justify"|Here by knowing the protocol service used in QOS adaptivity is possible in TTI.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816807A1.pdf|EP1816807A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
|align = "justify"|Pilot signals are too less in uplink signals as compared to downlink so QOS is decreased.
|align = "justify"|Using precoding matrix determiner we can increase the pilot signals.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816815A1.pdf|EP1816815A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
|align = "justify"|Time consumed to transmit data from MAC layer to PHY layer is more.
|align = "justify"|Time consumed here is less as here the ARQ retransmission timer will start after HARQ retransmission.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1821446A2.pdf|EP1821446A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects cluster as per the BS broadcast of the pilot carrier
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier
|align = "center"|[[media:US7164669B2.pdf|US7164669B2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier to increase the quality.
|align = "justify"|Here SINR value, Base station ID, frequency of physical channel, and the channel quality measurement information are required to increase the quality.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1473956A2.pdf|EP1473956A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''6'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber station authentication method, a protocol configuration method, and a device thereof in a wireless portable Internet system for allowing authentication was not allowed during handover.
|align = "justify"|Authentication from subscriber station in wireless portable network system is allowed, comprises of two steps: (1) SS transmitts basic capability negotiatiiion message (SBC-REQ) to BS. (2) SS receives a reply message (SBC-RSP) on the basic capability negotiation message from the BS.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070210894.pdf|US20070210894]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''7'''
|align = "justify"|BS allocates resources to the MS on the assumption that MS is in the worst channel so BS cannot know the channel state of an MS.
|align = "justify"|The initial ranging is performed after a BS request in order to acquire synchronization between the BS and the MS on the basis of UL-MAP with IE.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070202882.pdf|US20070202882]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''8'''
|align = "justify"|In conventional invention for ranging response RNS_RSP signal is needed. That is nothing but delay in the uplink traffic transmission.
|align = "justify"|1.) Reducing the delay in uplink data transmission of portable subscriber station by including a ranging parameter for bandwidth request code in UL_MAP and eliminating RNG_RSP.

2.) In addition ranging process additionally performed with bandwidth request.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007037633A1.pdf|WO2007037633]]
|-
|}

==Frame structure==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Frame structure'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Switching noise in the oscillation signal can<nowiki>’</nowiki>t be removed and detection of the failure was not possible.
|align = "justify"|Isolation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of the switching noise and alarm circuit is also provided for the detection of the failure of the oscillation signal.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007083924A1.pdf|WO2007083924A1]]
|-
|}

==Connectivity==

Background information

2007-09-24T07:45:08Z

Madhuri: /* '''Down link zone''' */

=Background=
'''Defination of 4G'''
* The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.
==Block Diagram==

[[Image:block_diagram.gif|center|600px|thumb|Block Diagram]]

*'''Data:'''

::It defines the input data which we need to transmit over the channel. It can be any like audio, video, text data, audio and video together.

* '''Source encoder:'''

::It converts the input data like audio, video, text data to binary (0/1) data for transmission.

*'''Channel encoder/decoder:'''

::It is used to match the input data rate and channel data rate.The component<nowiki>’</nowiki>s design approach is called FEC (Forward Error Correction). This approach allows us to detect and correct the bit stream. It is important to bear in mind that the correction and detection of errors are not absolute but rather statistical. Thus our goal (as usual) is to minimize the BER. In this method, K original bits, which are also called informational bits, are replaced with new N<nowiki>></nowiki>K bits called code bits. The difference N-K represents the redundancy that has been added to the informational bits. The manner in which we produce the code bits is called channel code or ECC (Error Correcting Code).

*'''S/P (Serial to parallel converter):'''

:: We need to convert our data to parallel as here we are doing modulation of multiple bits simultaneously.

*'''Modulation:'''

::Here modulation is done by digital modulation schemes there are diff types of digital modulation schemes like BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM etc.

*'''IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::IFFT converts the frequency domain waveforms into time domain. And as here we need to add the guard interval so we need the waves to be in time domain.

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::This block converts the parallel data into serial form as in next step we need to insert the guard time for that we have an data into serial form.

*'''Guard time insertion:'''

::Between every sub channel the guard interval is there to reduce the ISI (Inter Symbol Interference).

*'''Channel:'''

::channel is a medium used to convey the information between transmitter and receiver.

*'''Guard time removal:'''

::Used to remove the guard interval inserted between two sub channels.

*'''FFT (Fast Fourier Transform):'''

::Main this block converts the signals form the time domain to frequency domain.

*'''Demodulation:'''

::Demodulation blocks remove the subcahnnel carrier from received signal

*'''P/S (Parallel to serial converter):'''

::After demodulation the signal should be in the sequence. This is performed by parallel to serial

*'''Source decoder:'''

::This block performs the digital to analog conversation.

*'''Data O/P:'''

::At the end of this block we get our original (transmitted) signal back.

===Single carrier approach & Multi carrier approach===

[[Image:single carrier approch.jpg|center|800px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node4.html '''Single carrier approch''']]]

* As per above figure the general structure of a single carrier transmission system is depicted. The transmitted symbols are pulse formed by a transmitter filter. After passing the multipath channel in the receiver a filter matched to the channel is used to maximize signal to noise ratio a the device used to extract the data.

* Figure below shows the general structure of a multicarrier system.

[[Image:multi carrier approch.jpg|center|800px|thumb| [http://www.ert.rwth-aachen.de/Projekte/Theo/OFDM/node5.html '''Multi carrier approch''']]]

*One key principle of OFDM is that since low symbol rate modulation schemes (i.e. where the symbols are relatively long compared to the channel time characteristics) suffer less from intersymbol interference caused by multipath, it is advantageous to transmit a number of low-rate streams in parallel instead of a single high-rate stream. Since the duration of each symbol is long, it is feasible to insert a guard interval between the OFDM symbols, thus eliminating the intersymbol interference. The guard interval also eliminates the need for a pulse-shaping filter, and it reduces the sensitivity to time synchronization problems.

==Difference between FDM and OFDMA==
[[Image:Diff_wave_form.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/images/fig1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mprg.org/research/OFDM/index.html&h=208&w=383&sz=5&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=_EbqcjAiE_s27M:&tbnh=67&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3DOFDM%2B%252B%2BFDm%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG '''Difference between FDM and OFDMA''']]]

[[Image:OFDMA Multi User Access.jpg|center|800px|thumb|'''OFDMA Multi User Access''']]
*According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular OFDM digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the figure below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users.

*Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a method that allows to transmit high data rates over extremely hostile channels at a comparable low complexity. OFDM has been chosen as the transmission method for the European radio (DAB) and TV (DVB-T) standard. Due to its numerous advantages it is under Discussion for future broadband application such as wireless ATM as well.

[[Image:guard_band.jpg|center|600px|thumb| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFDMA '''Subcarrier allocation''']]]

==Definition of slot==

* The definition of an OFDMA slot depends on the OFDMA symbol structure, which varies for up link and down link, for FUSC (Full Usage of sub channel) and PUSC (Partial Usage of sub channel), and for the distributed sub carrier permutations and the adjacent sub carrier permutation.

*For down link FUSC and down link optional FUSC using the distributed subcarrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one OFDMA symbol.
*For down link PUSC using the distributed sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by two OFDMA symbols.
*For up link PUSC using either of the distributed sub carrier permutations, and for down link TUSC1 and TUSC2 , one slot is one sub channel by three OFDMA symbols.
*For up link and down link using the adjacent sub carrier permutation , one slot is one sub channel by one ,two, three, or six OFDMA symbols.

=='''Down link zone'''==

* Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the down link(in PUSC mode)

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to sub channels and symbols in the down link.jpeg|center|600px|thumb|'''Down link zone''']]

===Steps of OFDMA data mapping:===
# Segment the data after the modulation block into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and two one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA subchannel index is increased. When the edge of the Data Region is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA subchannel in the next available symbol.

=='''Up link zone'''==
*Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink

[[Image:Example of mapping OFDMA slots to subchannels and symbols in the uplink.jpeg|center|800px|thumb| '''Up link zone''']]
===Steps for OFDMA data mapping===
* The UL mapping consists of two steps. In the first step, the OFDMA slots allocated to each burst are selected. In the second step, the allocated slots are mapped.

* Step 1—Allocate OFDMA slots to bursts.

# Segment the data into blocks sized to fit into one OFDMA slot.
# Each slot shall span one or more subchannels in the subchannel axis and one or more OFDMA symbols in the time axis, as per the slot definition. Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the OFDMA symbol index is increased. When the edge of the UL zone (which is marked with Zone_switch_IE) is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol in the next available subchannel.

* Step 2—Map OFDMA slots within the UL allocation.

# Map the slots such that the lowest numbered slot occupies the lowest numbered subchannel in the lowest numbered OFDMA symbol.
# Continue the mapping such that the Subchannel index is increased. When the last subchannel is reached, continue the mapping from the lowest numbered subchannel in the next OFDMA symbol that belongs to the UL allocation. The resulting order is shown by the arrows in Figure.

=='''OFDMA frame structure'''==

[[Image:frame structure.jpeg|center|800px|thumb| '''OFDMA frame structure''']]

=='''Advantages'''==
*High spectral efficiency
*Resiliency to RF interference
*Lower multi-path distortion
*Reduced ISI
*Reduces crosstalk
*Can cope with severe channel condition
*Robust
*Good coverage
*High data rates

=QOS Management=

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "7"|'''Services'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''RTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''NRTPS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''BE'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''UGS/AD'''
|-
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g.VoIP)
|align = "justify"|Real time service(e.g. MPEG)
|align = "justify"|Non real time service(e.g. File transfer)
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|Provides best service among all
|align = "justify"|When UGS in inactive UGS/AD will become active
|-
|align = "justify"|Fixed size data packet
|align = "justify"|Variable size data packet
|align = "justify"|variable size data packet(High B\W FTP)
|align = "justify"|combination of UGS and RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|Eliminate overhead & latency
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "justify"|Overhead and latency
|-
|align = "justify"|BS must provide fixed size of data grants
|align = "justify"|SS specify the size
|align = "justify"|NA
|align = "center" rowspan = "3"|SS not prohibited for argument
|BS must provide fixed size when activated as UGS and variable size when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for arguments,
|align = "justify"|SS prohibited for argument
|SS prohibited not for argument
|-
|align = "justify"|BS prohibited for unicast
|align = "justify"|BS only providede with unicast
|align = "justify"|BS provides periodic unicast on regular basis even during congestion
|align = "justify"|Multicast when activated as UGS and unicast when activated as RTPS
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "4"|'''Parameters:'''
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Nominal Polling Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|Grants Per Interval
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|-
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|No piggyback requests
|align = "justify"|Traffic Priority
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|align = "justify"|Piggyback allowed
|-
|align = "justify"|Nominal Grant Per Interval
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|
|align = "justify"|Unsolicited Grant Size
|-
|}

=Comparison between conventional invention and present invention=
==QoS==
===Network entry and initialization===
[[Image:Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN (including QoS negotiation).jpeg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://www.wimaxforum.org/technology/WiMAX_IMT_2000/8F_1359.doc '''Service establishment procedure of OFDMA TDD WMAN(including QoS negotiation)''']]]

[[Image:Network Entry Process.jpg|center|800 px|thumb| [http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/sp07/80216.pdf '''Network Entry Process''']]]

[[Image:Signalling dia for Authentication.jpg|center|800 px|thumb|'''Signalling diagram for Authentication''']]

===Ranging===
::Ranging is the process which measures state of channel between Mobile station(MS) and Base station(BS).

'''Need'''
::Adjusting a correct time offset between a transmitter, e.g., an MS, and a receiver, e.g., a Base Station (BS), and for controlling power in an UpLink (UL).

'''Ranging Procedure:'''

# The mobile station receives uplink transmission parameters after acquiring downlink synchronization.
# The mobile station selects one of slots of ranging subchannels allocated within a frame structure and forwards ranging request message (RNG-REQ) to the base station using an initial ranging code.
# The base station receives the ranging request message and forwards all of required transmission parameter adjustment values and status information to the mobile station through ranging response message (RNG-RSP).
# If the status information indicates 'success,' the base station allocates uplink bandwidth for CDMA Allocation IE required to allow the mobile station to transmit the ranging request message (RNG-REQ). If the status information indicates 'continue,' the mobile station returns to the step 2) and repeats the steps until the status information indicates 'success.'

[[Image:Ranging Procedure.jpg|thumb|center|800 px|'''Ranging pocedure''']]

'''Ranging with bandwidth request:'''

==Parameters==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''QoS'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Basic conventional TTI was not adaptable,it was concept of fixed TTI.
|align = "justify"|Here by knowing the protocol service used in QOS adaptivity is possible in TTI.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816807A1.pdf|EP1816807A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
|align = "justify"|Pilot signals are too less in uplink signals as compared to downlink so QOS is decreased.
|align = "justify"|Using precoding matrix determiner we can increase the pilot signals.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1816815A1.pdf|EP1816815A1]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
|align = "justify"|Time consumed to transmit data from MAC layer to PHY layer is more.
|align = "justify"|Time consumed here is less as here the ARQ retransmission timer will start after HARQ retransmission.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1821446A2.pdf|EP1821446A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects cluster as per the BS broadcast of the pilot carrier
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier
|align = "center"|[[media:US7164669B2.pdf|US7164669B2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber selects one or more Cluster using the the SINR value and low traffic loading of pilot carrier to increase the quality.
|align = "justify"|Here SINR value, Base station ID, frequency of physical channel, and the channel quality measurement information are required to increase the quality.
|align = "center"|[[media:EP1473956A2.pdf|EP1473956A2]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''6'''
|align = "justify"|Subscriber station authentication method, a protocol configuration method, and a device thereof in a wireless portable Internet system for allowing authentication was not allowed during handover.
|align = "justify"|Authentication from subscriber station in wireless portable network system is allowed, comprises of two steps: (1) SS transmitts basic capability negotiatiiion message (SBC-REQ) to BS. (2) SS receives a reply message (SBC-RSP) on the basic capability negotiation message from the BS.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070210894.pdf|US20070210894]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''7'''
|align = "justify"|BS allocates resources to the MS on the assumption that MS is in the worst channel so BS cannot know the channel state of an MS.
|align = "justify"|The initial ranging is performed after a BS request in order to acquire synchronization between the BS and the MS on the basis of UL-MAP with IE.
|align = "center"|[[media:US20070202882.pdf|US20070202882]]
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''8'''
|align = "justify"|In conventional invention for ranging response RNS_RSP signal is needed. That is nothing but delay in the uplink traffic transmission.
|align = "justify"|1.) Reducing the delay in uplink data transmission of portable subscriber station by including a ranging parameter for bandwidth request code in UL_MAP and eliminating RNG_RSP.

2.) In addition ranging process additionally performed with bandwidth request.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007037633A1.pdf|WO2007037633]]
|-
|}

==Frame structure==

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''SR. NO'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "2"|'''Frame structure'''
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent no.'''
|-
|align = "center"|'''Conventional Invention'''
|align = "center"|'''Present Invention'''
|-
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
|align = "justify"|Switching noise in the oscillation signal can<nowiki>’</nowiki>t be removed and detection of the failure was not possible.
|align = "justify"|Isolation circuit is provided to reduce the effect of the switching noise and alarm circuit is also provided for the detection of the failure of the oscillation signal.
|align = "center"|[[media:WO2007083924A1.pdf|WO2007083924A1]]
|-
|}

==Connectivity==